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测量电源电动势和内阻的基本方法是用双表测量的伏安法,基于这一方法,又衍生出用单表测电动势和内阻的两种常用方法(伏阻法和安阻法).下面就三种常用测量方法进行简要分析.一、伏安法1.原理:闭合电路欧姆定律U=E-Ir;2.电路:如图1、图2.3.数据处理方法 1:根据原理:U=E-Ir,列方程组求解.方法 2:根据测量数据描点、做U-I图象.由图象求解.如图3.U-I图线的物理意义:纵轴截距为电动势E=U0;斜率绝对值为内阻r.
The basic method of measuring the electromotive force and the internal resistance of the power supply is the voltammetric method of measuring with double gauges. Based on this method, two commonly used methods (voltage resistance method and safety resistance method) for measuring the emf and the internal resistance are derived. The following three commonly used measurement methods for a brief analysis. First, the voltammetry 1. Principle: closed circuit Ohm’s law U = E-Ir; 2. Circuit: Figure 1, Figure 2.3. Data Processing Method 1: According to the principle: U = E-Ir, column equations solution. Method 2: According to the measured data plot point, do UI image. Solved by the image shown in Figure 3. UI graph line physical meaning: vertical axis intercept for the electromotive force E = U0; slope The absolute value of the internal resistance r.