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淮北市位于安徽省北部,是我国重要的煤炭资源城市。淮北矿区由于多年的采煤,造成的沉陷土地达110km2,其中地表沉陷积水面积为31km2,且以每年3%～5%的速度增长。淮北市以综合治理、可持续发展为指导思想,在沉降区湖面的治理过程中提出了养殖型、景观型、净化型、水源储备型等四种治理思路。其中的一些已经付诸实践,并取得良好的经济、社会、生态效益,部分项目仍在规划之中。本文分析四种治理思路,总结其经验,可为其他采煤沉陷区的综合治理工作提供参考。
Located in the northern part of Anhui Province, Huaibei City is an important coal resources city in China. Due to the coal mining for many years in Huaibei Mining Area, the subsidence land is 110km2, of which the surface water area is 31km2, and the annual growth rate is 3% ~ 5%. Huaibei City, with comprehensive management and sustainable development as the guiding ideology, proposed four kinds of management ideas of culture type, landscape type, purification type and water reserve type in the process of lake surface treatment in the subsidence area. Some of them have been put into practice and have achieved good economic, social and ecological benefits, some of which are still under planning. This article analyzes four kinds of control ideas, summarizes its experience, and can provide reference for the comprehensive management of other mining subsidence areas.