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1966年夏秋,先是在北京、继而在全国爆发了一场凶猛异常的“红卫兵运动”。这场运动,是在这年8月召开的中共八届十一中全会之后,将“文化大革命”进一步推向全国的开端。 此时在党中央领导机构内部,已出现了一系列令人惊异的变化:首先,由于中央领导核心的调整,在全会上受到批判的刘少奇、邓小平都已“靠边站”,原来处理中央日常事务的中央书记处也已基本停止了活动。不久,经毛泽东同意,又组成中央政治局常委(扩大)碰头会,将中央政治局会议与中央文革小组合二为一,讨论党政业务和文化大革命运动。碰头会一般由周恩来主持。这样,周恩来便在实际上开始主持党中央的日常工作。 周恩来这时所面临的头一件大事,就是持续达数月之久的“红卫兵运动”。
In the summer of 1966, first in Beijing, there was a ferocious “Red Guards Movement” that broke out throughout the country. This campaign marks the beginning of further launching the “Cultural Revolution” to the entire country after the 11th Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee held in August this year. At this moment, a series of amazing changes have taken place within the leading bodies of the Party Central Committee. First, due to the adjustment of the central leading nucleus, Liu Shao-ch’i and Deng Xiao-ping, both criticized in the plenary session, have “stepped aside” and handled the Central Daily Activities The Central Secretariat has basically stopped the activity. Soon after Mao Zedong agreed, he formed a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Political Bureau (enlarged) to meet with the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to discuss the party-government business and the Great Cultural Revolution movement. Meeting will be presided over by Zhou Enlai. In this way, Zhou Enlai actually started to preside over the daily work of the party Central Committee. The first major incident facing Zhou Enlai at this time was the “Red Guards Movement” that lasted for months.