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漂白湿润淋溶土表层的有机质、全磷、全氮、有效氮含量明显高于表下层,其它养分上下两层的含量差异尽管没有达到5%的显著性水平,但都有向表层集中的趋势。主分量分析结果表明,第一主分量是土壤供氮强度的量度,表层和表下层有机质、全氮、有效氮均对第一主分量有较大的正向负荷量。第二主分量表示氮素营养供应强度大致相同的情况下,各营养对花生生长促进作用的量度,其中表层有效钾、表下层有效磷、有效钾对第二主分量的负荷量最大,远远超出其它因素的作用。这表明,将钾肥施入表层或表下层均能提高花生产量,磷肥只有施入表下层才有最大的增产效果,氮肥对花生的生长影响很小。以上结论为肥料三要素组合试验所证实。这意味着在不改变变量属性的前提下,把多个变量按照变量的特性组合成少数新变量来解决多因素复杂问题的主分量分析方法,能够科学地、合理地指导土壤施肥。
The contents of organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and available nitrogen in the surface of the bleached moist leaching soil were significantly higher than those in the subsurface. The differences in contents of other nutrients in the upper and lower two layers did not reach the 5% significance level but tended to concentrate on the surface . The principal component analysis results show that the first principal component is a measure of soil nitrogen availability, and the positive principal component of the first principal component is positively correlated with the organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen in the surface and subsurface. The second principal component represents the measure of the effect of each nutrient on the growth of peanuts under the same nitrogen supply intensity. Among them, available potassium in the surface layer, available phosphorus in the subsurface layer, and available potassium have the largest load on the second principal component far and far Beyond the other factors. This indicates that the application of potash fertilizer to the surface or subsurface layer can increase the yield of peanut. However, the application of phosphate fertilizer to the lower layer of the table only has the maximum stimulation effect, and nitrogen fertilizer has little effect on the growth of peanut. The above conclusion is confirmed by the combination of three elements of fertilizers. This means that without changing the attributes of variables, the combination of multiple variables in accordance with the characteristics of variables into a small number of new variables to solve the multi-factor complex principal component analysis methods can be scientifically and rationally guide soil fertilization.