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美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)是美国和世界上最大的基础研究资助机构。在金融危机和债务危机影响下,美国结束了持续加大公共科研投入的做法,NIH年度预算也受到影响。本文研究NIH为应对预算削减挑战而采取的行动措施,包括重申生物医学基础研究重要性、针对健康领域的重大关键科学问题制定研究计划、展示NIH资助的经济社会效益、呼吁改善生物医学人才现状;分析这些资助战略层面的行动选择对公众和国会产生的影响。NIH争取资助预算和影响公共科技投入配置的战略选择,对于基础研究资助机构,尤其是生物医学领域,有重要的参考价值和启示意义。
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the largest U.S.-based foundation for research funding in the world. Under the influence of the financial crisis and the debt crisis, the United States ended its practice of continuously increasing public investment in science and research, and the annual budget of the NIH was also affected. This article examines NIH’s response to the challenge of budget cuts, including reaffirming the importance of basic research in biomedicine, developing research programs addressing key critical scientific issues in the field of health, demonstrating the economic and social benefits of NIH funding and calling for improved biomedical talent; Analyze the impact of these funding strategies at the strategic level on the public and Congress. The NIH’s strategic choice of financing the budget and influencing the allocation of public science and technology investment has important reference value and enlightenment for the basic research funding agencies, especially in the field of biomedicine.