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目的观察低糖膳食对妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇妊娠结局的影响。方法通过口服糖耐量(OGTT)实验筛查出孕24~28周、糖代谢异常孕妇106例,其中来营养科就诊51例孕妇为低糖饮食组,予以低糖饮食疗法;来产科分娩者56例为非低糖饮食组,只例行常规检查。观察两组孕妇体重变化、孕妇孕产期并发症、胎儿出生情况,低糖饮食组记录膳食调整前后膳食三大产热营养素摄入变化。结果低糖饮食组孕妇孕29周~分娩体重增长(3.32±3.98)kg,巨大儿发生率5.88%,明显低于非低糖饮食组的孕妇体重增长[(7.12±3.01)kg],巨大儿发生率(23.21%)(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论低糖膳食可以改善妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇的体重增长速度及巨大儿发生率。
Objective To observe the effects of low-sugar diet on gestational outcome in pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism. Methods Totally 106 pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism were screened by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) from 24 to 28 weeks pregnant. Among them, 51 pregnant women in nutrition department were treated with low-sugar diet and 56 cases were obstetric delivery Low-sugar diet group, routine routine examination. Changes in body weight, maternal and neonatal complications and fetus birth in the two groups were observed. Changes in the intake of three major heat-generating nutrients before and after meal adjustment were recorded in the low-sugar diet group. Results Compared with the control group, the pregnant women in the low-carbohydrate diet group had a significantly higher body weight gain (3.32 ± 3.98) kg and 5.88% (23.21%) (P <0.01, P <0.05). Conclusion Low-sugar diet can improve the rate of weight gain and the incidence of macrosomia in pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy.