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对５６例肝硬化腹腔感染患者的感染菌分布及抗菌药物的应用等作流行病学分析。结果显示：腹腔感染的细菌种类以大肠埃希氏菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌为多，占所分离菌株的６０．３％；腹腔感染与病死率有直接关系占５９．０９％。大肠埃希氏菌对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星耐药率分别为２８．５７％、２０％、１５．３８％。而肺炎克雷伯氏菌对氟喹诺酮类无耐药株。注射用头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢唑肟基本无耐药株，临床最常用的头孢唑林已有耐药株，其中大肠埃希氏菌的耐药率为１０％，肺炎克雷伯氏菌为１６．６７％，提示临床医师合理应用抗菌药物在肝硬化腹腔感染治疗中具有重要意义。
Epidemiological analysis was performed on the distribution of infectious bacteria and the application of antibacterials in 56 cases of patients with cirrhosis and abdominal infection. The results showed that the number of bacterial species of intraperitoneal infection was Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for 60.3% of the isolates. The intra-abdominal infection was directly related to the mortality rate (59.09%). The resistance rates of Escherichia coli to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were 28.57%, 20% and 15.38%, respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae fluoroquinolones resistant strains. Cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime basically no drug-resistant strains, clinical most commonly used cefazolin has resistant strains, of which Escherichia coli resistance rate of 10% Klebsiella pneumoniae was 16.67%, suggesting that clinicians rational use of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of cirrhosis and abdominal infection is of great significance.