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茶碱类药物有氨茶碱,胆茶碱,二羟丙茶碱等。此类药物主要作用为松弛平滑肌,用于支气管哮喘。它对呼吸系统的作用,据文献报道:(1)对呼吸肌包括膈肌及肋间肌有正性肌力作用;(2)对呼吸中枢直接兴奋作用;(3)能刺激增加呼吸道的粘液分泌作用,使支气管粘液清除率显著增加;(4)保护肥大细胞,防止其脱颗粒,有抗过敏作用。茶碱的有效血药浓度为10～20μg/ml,治疗范围窄,而且易受多种因素影响,如血清茶碱浓度超过20μg/ml易出现毒性反应。为此,本文介绍几种影响茶碱类药物吸收与清除的因素。
Theophylline has aminophylline, choline theophylline, dihydroepinophylline and so on. The main role of these drugs is to relax the smooth muscle for bronchial asthma. Its role in the respiratory system, it has been reported in the literature: (1) of the respiratory muscles, including diaphragm and intercostal muscles have positive inotropic effect; (2) the respiratory center directly excited; (3) can stimulate increased respiratory mucus secretion Role in bronchial mucus clearance significantly increased; (4) protect mast cells to prevent degranulation, anti-allergic effects. Theophylline effective plasma concentration of 10 ~ 20μg / ml, the treatment range is narrow, and susceptible to many factors, such as serum theophylline concentration of more than 20μg / ml prone to toxicity. To this end, this article describes several factors that affect the absorption and elimination of theophylline drugs.