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目的探讨胸腰椎转移瘤经皮椎体成形术患者围术期护理方法,为临床护理提供依据。方法选取2010年1月-2015年5月采用经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎转移瘤患者76例。回顾性分析患者疼痛缓解及并发症情况,总结护理经验。结果 76例患者于术后第2天疼痛程度较术前有不同程度缓解,视觉疼痛模拟疼痛评分法(VAS)评分降低(P<0.01)。术后2 d、1个月及3个月本组患者疼痛缓解有效率分别为76.3%、72.4%、68.4%。术后出现肺栓塞1例,经积极治疗顺利康复出院。术后3个月,1例患者死亡,死亡原因为脑转移。结论经皮椎体成形术对于缓解胸腰椎转移性肿瘤所致的疼痛,早期疗效满意,术前、术后细致周到的护理支持,是患者安全、顺利度过围术期的重要保障。
Objective To investigate the perioperative nursing methods of percutaneous vertebroplasty for thoracolumbar metastases and provide the basis for clinical nursing. Methods From January 2010 to May 2015, 76 patients with thoracolumbar metastasis were treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty. Retrospective analysis of patients with pain relief and complications, summed up nursing experience. Results The pain in 76 patients was relieved to varying degrees on the second postoperative day compared with that before the operation. The VAS score of visual acuity pain decreased (P <0.01). At 2 days, 1 month and 3 months after operation, the effective rates of pain relief were 76.3%, 72.4% and 68.4% respectively. Postoperative pulmonary embolism occurred in 1 case, after active treatment successfully recovered and discharged. One patient died after 3 months of operation, and the cause of death was brain metastasis. Conclusion Percutaneous vertebroplasty is an important guarantee for patients’ safety and smooth perioperative care in relieving the pain caused by thoracolumbar metastasis, satisfactory early efficacy and preoperative and postoperative care support.