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The expression of serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase in the renal cortex of diabetic rats was examined, and the function of signal transduction mediated by SGK1 in diabetic nephropathy and its modulation by fluvastatin were also investigated. 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 8), diabetic nephropathy group (n= 8) and fluvastatin-treated diabetic nephropathy group(15 mg/kg/d, n=8). The metabolic parameters were measured at the 8th week. The expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1 ) and fibronectin (FN) was immunohistochemically examined. The expression of SGK1 was detected by RT-PCR and West blot, and CTGF mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR. As compared to DN, blood glucose,24-h urinary protein, Cer and kidney weight index were all decreased and the weight was increased obviously in group F. At the same time, mesangial cells and extracellular matrix proliferation were relieved significantly. The levels of cortex SGK1 mRNA and protein were up-regulated, and both TGF-β1 and FN were down-regulated by fluvastatin. The mRNA of SGK1 was positively correlated with the CTGF, TGF-β1 and FN. SGK1 expression is markedly up-regulated in the renal cortex of DN group and plays an important role in the development and progress of diabetic nephropathy by means of signal transduction. Fluvastatin suppressed the increased SGK1mRNA expression in renal cortex and postponed the development of diabetic nephropathy.