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通过大量文献调研和多学科综合分析,探讨了我国陆相蒸发岩与烃源岩的成因联系以及蒸发岩对烃源岩生排烃的影响,力求系统、深入地阐述蒸发岩盆地中烃源岩的发育规律及其生排烃特征。结果表明:在蒸发岩盆地中内源有机质和外源有机质的来源都有一定的保障;盐湖中的水体分层为有机质的保存提供了极为有利的条件,有机质富集的“生”、“运”、“聚”、“保”条件都具备。因此,蒸发岩盆地的半深湖-深湖区成为有机质富集的有利区。蒸发岩盆地中烃源岩形成时为强还原环境,且盐类物质含量高,同时因为膏盐岩的高热导率和致密性等特征,使得蒸发岩盆地中烃源岩生排烃过程和产物都受到影响。在盐类催化作用下,烃源岩生排烃阶段提前,相同演化阶段油、气产率以及排烃率均较高。但目前,在蒸发岩盆地中烃源岩的研究仍存在诸多不足,需要对蒸发岩盆地沉积作用和有机质富集机理进行系统性研究,在盐类物质对烃源岩生排烃的催化机理、催化效应的定量化以及蒸发岩盆地中烃源岩评价标准的建立等方面做进一步的深化研究。
Through a large number of literature research and multidisciplinary comprehensive analysis, this paper discusses the genetic association between terrestrial evaporites and source rocks and the influence of evaporites on hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in source rocks, and tries to systematically and deeply explain source rocks in evaporite basins Development Law and Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Generation and Exhaust. The results show that the source of organic matter and exogenous organic matter are all guaranteed in the evaporite basins. The stratification of water bodies in the salt lake provides extremely favorable conditions for the preservation of organic matter, organic matter-rich organic matter, “Luck ”, “poly ”, “Paul ” conditions are available. Therefore, the semi-deep lacustrine-deep lake region of the evaporite basin becomes a favorable area for enrichment of organic matter. In the evaporite basin, the source rocks are strongly reduced and the salt content is high. Due to the high thermal conductivity and tightness of the gypsum rock, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion processes and products in the evaporite basin affected. Under salt catalysis, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion stages are advanced and the oil and gas production and hydrocarbon expulsion rates are higher in the same evolution stage. However, there are still many deficiencies in the study of source rocks in the evaporite basins. The mechanism of sedimentation and organic matter enrichment in the evaporite basins is systematically studied. The mechanism of the catalytic action of salt materials on the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in the source rocks, The quantification of effects and the establishment of evaluation standards for source rock in evaporite basins.