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【目的】了解渭南市学龄前儿童患龋现况及口腔卫生习惯,分析二者之间的关系;了解家长口腔卫生知识知晓情况,以期通过健康教育使儿童形成良好的口腔卫生习惯。【方法】采取整群抽样方法,对12所幼儿园在园儿童进行口腔检查,对家长进行口腔卫生知识调查,数据进行统计学分析。【结果】调查儿童783名,龋患率为14.94%;农村及4～5岁儿童龋患率较高;学龄前儿童未养成良好的口腔卫生习惯;家长口腔卫生知识普遍缺乏。看护人、年龄、居住地区、饮食习惯等因素对龋患率的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);刷牙方法、刷牙时段、漱口等因素对龋患率的影响差异无统计学意义。【结论】渭南市学龄前儿童龋患率较低;龋病防治工作的重点应放在农村和4～5岁儿童;进一步加强健康教育,培养儿童良好的口腔卫生习惯。
【Objective】 To understand the prevalence of caries and oral health habits among preschool children in Weinan, analyze the relationship between the two and understand the oral hygiene knowledge of parents so as to form good oral health habits through health education. 【Method】 A cluster sampling method was used to carry out oral examination on 12 kindergarten children in the park. Oral health knowledge survey was conducted on the parents, and the data were statistically analyzed. 【Results】 783 children were surveyed with a caries prevalence rate of 14.94%. Caries prevalence was higher in rural areas and children aged 4 to 5 years. Pre-school children did not develop good oral health habits. Pupils lack oral hygiene knowledge. The influence of caring factors such as caregivers, age, living area and diet habit on caries prevalence was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the influence of factors such as brushing method, brushing period and gargle on caries prevalence. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of caries in preschool children in Weinan City is low. The focus of prevention and treatment of caries should be placed in rural areas and children aged 4-5 years. Health education should be further strengthened to develop good oral health habits in children.