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组织芯片 (tissuemicroarray)是在cDNA微阵列的基础上发明的一种特殊的生物芯片。其原理是根据不同需要 ,利用特殊的仪器 ,将组织高密度的排列在固相载体上 ,用各种酶、基因、寡核苷酸、抗体与之进行杂交或标记染色 ,以研究目的基因或基因产物在不同组织中的特异表达。组织芯片的应用广泛 ,特别是对肿瘤易感因素的判定、特殊基因和抗体的筛选 ,临床早期诊断和治疗方案的制订及预后的判断都具有重要的意义。与传统的病理研究方法相比 ,组织芯片具有体积小、信息含量高、并可根据不同的需要进行组合和设计的特点。对某些基因和蛋白质与疾病关系的研究、疾病相关基因的验证、新药的开发与筛选、疾病的分子诊断、治疗过程的动态观察和预后的判断等方面具有重要的实际意义和广阔的市场前景
Tissue microarray is a special kind of biochip invented on the basis of cDNA microarray. The principle is based on different needs, the use of special equipment, the organization of high-density tissue arranged on a solid carrier, with a variety of enzymes, genes, oligonucleotides, hybridization or antibody staining with it to study the target gene or Specific expression of gene products in different tissues. Tissue chips are widely used, especially for the determination of tumor susceptibility factors, screening of special genes and antibodies, early clinical diagnosis and treatment plan formulation and prognosis of judgment are of great significance. Compared with the traditional pathological research methods, tissue microarray has the characteristics of small volume, high information content, and can be combined and designed according to different needs. It has important practical significance and broad market prospects for the research on the relationship between certain genes and proteins and diseases, the verification of disease-related genes, the development and screening of new drugs, the molecular diagnosis of diseases, the dynamic observation of treatment process and the judgment of prognosis.