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目的调查揭阳地区妊娠期妇女腰痛和骨盆痛的发病情况及流行特征,分析其影响因素。方法采用问卷方式对1292例孕妇进行调查,收集年龄、身高、体质指数、腰痛史、骨盆疼痛史,妊娠期间疼痛发生的时间、部位、程度,妊娠期间活动能力及功能障碍评分(ODI评分)等信息进行统计分析。结果本次调查对象中,共有568例妇女在妊娠期间患有腰骨盆痛症状,占43.96%。疼痛发生时间主要集中在妊娠中晚期。35岁以上高龄产妇妊娠期腰痛骨盆痛的发病率最高且多胎妇女的疼痛率高于单胎妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴有妊娠期腰痛和(或)骨盆痛妇女分娩前的体质指数高于无疼痛妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。妊娠期腰痛和(或)骨盆痛的妇女中,绝大部分在孕前有相关疼痛史;妊娠期腰痛、骨盆痛以及腰骨盆联合痛妇女ODI评分显著高于无疼痛妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论揭阳地区妊娠期妇女腰痛和骨盆痛的发病率较高,应针对相关危险因素及早进行预防与治疗。
Objective To investigate the incidence and prevalence of low back pain and pelvic pain in pregnant women in Jieyang area and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 1292 pregnant women were surveyed by questionnaire. Age, height, body mass index, history of back pain, history of pelvic pain, time, location, degree of pain during pregnancy, activity and dysfunction scores during pregnancy (ODI score) were collected Information for statistical analysis. Results A total of 568 women in this survey had symptoms of pelvic pain during pregnancy, accounting for 43.96%. Pain occurs mainly in the second trimester. The incidence of pelvic pain in lumbago during pregnancy was the highest among older mothers over 35 years of age and the pain rate of multiple fetuses was higher than that of single-fetus women (P <0.05). Women with LBP and / or pelvic pain during pregnancy had higher body mass index before delivery than those without pain, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The majority of women with low back pain and / or pelvic pain during pregnancy had a history of pain before pregnancy. ODI scores in women with low back pain, pelvic pain and pelvic pain during pregnancy were significantly higher than those without pain P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of low back pain and pelvic pain in pregnant women in Jieyang area is high. Prevention and treatment should be carried out as soon as possible according to the relevant risk factors.