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虽然新马尔萨斯主义的宣传永无止息,但实际的动向经常减轻了人们对于日益增长的人口会使粮食供应发生不足的忧虑。19世纪末期,由于西方国家的生育率明显下降,还因为粮食供应比预期的多得多,所以许多经济学家——或许是大多数——不接受马尔萨斯人口原理。况且,作为提高农业生产率基础的工业化以及从海外引进的较好的交通运输工具,两者所消耗的都只是其它资源,而不是马尔萨斯所最为关注的土地。W·S·杰文斯(Jevohs)是英国最伟大最富有创见的经济学家之一,
Although neo-Malthusian propaganda is at an end, the real trends have often eased concerns that the growing population will under-supply the food supply. By the late 19th century, many economists, and probably most of them, did not accept the Malthusian population principle because of the marked decline in the fertility rate in Western countries and because much more food was supplied than expected. Moreover, both industrialization, which is the basis for raising agricultural productivity, and better means of transport introduced from abroad, consume only other resources, not the ones Malthus is most concerned about. W · S Jevohs is one of Britain’s greatest and most innovative economists,