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重症肝病患者易于发生细菌、真菌的感染进而发生为中毒性休克，起病可隐匿，但病情进展迅速，病死率高。目前研究结果显示，重症肝病患者肠道菌群易位、免疫麻痹等特殊状况是感染和中毒性休克发生的易患因素。目前公认治疗重症肝病合并中毒性休克必须进行抗菌素治疗和维持血流动力学稳定。其余治疗如氢化可的松和严格血糖控制则颇有争议，未必降低病死率。我们总结了重症肝病合并中毒性休克的流行病学、易感因素、诊断和管理策略，突出了重症肝病背景下中毒性休克的特点，以期及早发现、预防和治疗重症肝病患者并发的感染中毒性休克，降低病死率。“,”Patients with severe liver disease are prone to bacterial and fungal infections, and then develop toxic shock. The onset of the disease may be insidious, but the disease progresses rapidly with a high fatality rate. Current research results show that special conditions such as translocation of intestinal flora and immune paralysis in patients with severe liver disease are susceptible factors for infection and toxic shock. Furthermore, it is currently recognized that the treatment of severe liver disease complicated with toxic shock must be treated with antibiotics and maintenance of hemodynamic stability. Other treatments, such as hydrocortisone and strict glycemic control, are quite controversial and may not necessarily reduce mortality. Herein, we summarize the epidemiology, susceptibility factors; diagnosis and management strategies of severe liver disease complicated with toxic shock, highlighting the characteristics of toxic shock under the background of severe liver disease, so as to detect, prevent and treat septic shock in patients with severe liver disease as early as possible to reduce the fatality rate.