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海南岛是我国当前疟疾的主要流行区,为探讨海南岛疟疾的后期监测管理和提出相应防制对策提供依据,作者应用动态分析及园形分布等方法对全岛1950—1989年疟疾发病时态变化特征进行了分析。四十年中疟疾发病2,195,324例,年平均发病率1,073.41/10万,各年代发病例数如下:1950—1959年为1,169,593例,1960—1969年为489,441例,1970—1979年为305,536例,1980—1989年为150,754例。疟疾发病呈单峰季节性,各年代发病日期估计分别为6月15日,7月17日,7月17日及7月15日,全年各月都有发病病例。据资料分析,四十年中曾出现三次疟疾爆发流行,第一次在1955年,为历史上发病最高一年,前后持续六年(1954—1959年);第二次在1969年,前后持续五年(1969—1973年);第三次在1978年,但该次发病高峰低,持续时间短,前后只有三年。作者根据疟疾发病时态变化受按蚊消长制约的特点,提出病原监测应在高发病月份及时灭蚊,同时指出,海南岛疟疾发病虽逐年有下降趋势,但根据资料分析十年左右有一次流行的规律,目前已进入流行危险期,以及旅行人数与日俱增,防蚊措施与预防性服药是防止感染疟疾的两个重要环节。
Hainan Island is the main endemic area of malaria in our country. It provides the basis for the post-malaria monitoring and management and the countermeasures for prevention and control of malaria in Hainan Island. The author applied dynamic analysis and circular distribution to estimate the incidence of malaria in the island from 1950 to 1989 Change characteristics were analyzed. The incidence of malaria in the past 40 years was 2,195,324 with an average annual incidence of 1,073.41 / 100,000. The incidence of malaria in each generation was as follows: 1,169,593 cases in 1950-1959, 489,441 cases in 1960-1969, 305,536 cases in 1970-1979, 1980 - 150,754 cases in 1989. The incidence of malaria showed a seasonal seasonal peak, and the dates of onset of each age were estimated to be June 15, July 17, July 17 and July 15 respectively, with incidences occurring throughout the year. According to the analysis of data, three outbreaks of malaria occurred in 40 years, the first time in 1955, the highest incidence in history for six consecutive years (1954-1959); the second continued in 1969 Five years (1969-1973); the third in 1978, but the peak incidence of low, short duration, before and after only three years. According to the characteristics of malaria’s temporal change affected by the growth and decline of Anopheles, the author suggests that the pathogen surveillance should eliminate mosquitoes in time in the high morbidity month. At the same time, it is pointed out that although the incidence of malaria in Hainan Island is decreasing year by year, according to the data analysis, The law has now entered the epidemic of dangerous period, as well as the growing number of travelers, anti-mosquito measures and preventive medication is to prevent malaria infection two important aspects.