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伤寒诊断依赖血培养及/或抗体测定(Widal试验)。虽然血培养适用于早期诊断,但至少需要2天时间,且血标本中细菌太少时可产生假阴性结果。如果在伤寒早期血液中存在伤寒杆菌抗原,则可用于更快速的诊断。作者对10例培养确诊的伤寒患者和10例非伤寒发热患者于发病第1周内采集血清,5例伤寒患者4～11天后采取第2次标本,作被动葡萄球菌凝集试验。用伤寒杆菌制备兔抗血清,并用大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌和甲型副伤寒杆菌吸收,以消除交叉反应性抗体。金黄色葡萄球菌Cowan I株用甲醛和加热稳定后,用伤寒杆菌抗血清致敏。25个血清标本用金黄色葡萄球
Typhoid fever is diagnosed on blood cultures and / or antibodies (Widal test). Although blood culture is suitable for early diagnosis, it takes at least 2 days, and too little bacteria in the blood sample can produce false-negative results. Salmonella typhimurium antigens are present in the bloodstream early in typhoid fever and can be used for faster diagnosis. The authors collected 10 cases of typhoid fever patients diagnosed and 10 cases of non-typhoid fever in the first week of onset of sera, 5 cases of typhoid fever patients 4 to 11 days after taking the second specimen for the role of passive agglutination test. Rabbit antisera were prepared with Salmonella typhi and were digested with E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Paratyphoid A to eliminate cross-reactive antibodies. Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I strain with formaldehyde and heat stabilized, with Salmonella typhi antiserum sensitized. 25 serum samples with Staphylococcus aureus