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为了解上海口岸出入境人群肺结核的流行特征,对2011年1月至2013年12月于上海口岸出入境且符合我国出入境人员肺结核病监测要求的人群肺结核及耐药性监测结果进行统计分析。结果显示,2011、2012、2013年肺结核检出率分别为19.04/10万、35.54/10万、49.72/10万,呈现逐年增加的趋势(Cochran-Armitage Z=-3.15,P=0.001 6)。对总体检出情况进行性别分布的比较发现,男性检出率(37.74/10万)略高于女性(31.22/10万)。检出率最高的人群为60岁及以上人群(192.18/10万),其次为20~岁(41.66/10万)和30~岁(29.16/10万)人群。2012年、2013年结核菌耐药率分别为53.84%、44.44%,2013年检出耐多药结核菌。3年共76例检出者中,仅14.47%来自欧美、日本等发达国家,85.53%来自欠发达国家,中国籍检出者占总检出人数的71.05%。由此可见,上海口岸出入境人群肺结核患者分布具有一定特征性,结核病防控形势依然严峻。
To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in the population of entry-exit population in Shanghai port, statistical analysis was made on the surveillance results of tuberculosis and drug-resistance of the population in the ports of entry and exit in Shanghai from January 2011 to December 2013 and in line with the monitoring of pulmonary tuberculosis in China. The results showed that the detection rates of tuberculosis in 2011, 2012 and 2013 were 19.04 / 100000, 35.54 / 100000, 49.72 / 100000, showing a trend of increasing year by year (Cochran-Armitage Z = -3.15, P = 0.001 6). A comparison of the gender distribution of the overall detection found that the male detection rate (37.74 / 100000) was slightly higher than that of the female (31.22 / 100000). The highest detection rate was 60 years old and above (192.18 / 100000), followed by 20 ~ (41.66 / 100000) and 30 ~ (29.16 / 100000) people. In 2012 and 2013, the drug-resistant rates of TB were 53.84% and 44.44% respectively. In 2013, MDR-TB was detected. Of the 76 cases detected in 3 years, only 14.47% were from developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan, 85.53% were from less developed countries, and 71.05% were Chinese origin. Thus, the distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the entry-exit population of Shanghai port has some characteristics, and the situation of tuberculosis control and prevention is still grim.