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以籼稻品种IR64为受体,来自伊朗的粳稻农家品种Binam为供体培育的99个BC2F8回交导入系为材料,定位了水稻在2叶1心期和分蘖期控制耐盐相关性状的数量性状基因座(QTL).共检测到影响苗期叶片盐害级别、幼苗存活天数和地上部钾、钠离子浓度的QTL13个,影响分蘖期株高、分蘖数和地上部鲜重的QTL22个.多数分蘖期QTL对盐胁迫表现出明显的表达差异,根据表达情况将这些QTL分成3组,第1组为在对照条件下表达的11个QTL;第2组为在对照和盐胁迫条件下共同表达的5个QTL,其中有3个(QPh5,QPh8,QTn9)在两种环境下的基因效应大小和方向一致,其表达受盐胁迫影响较小;第3组为受盐胁迫诱导表达的6个QTL.检测到13个影响胁迫与对照差值即性状稳定性的QTL,除QPh4,QTn2和QFw2a外,其余10个基因座增加性状稳定性或提高耐盐性的等位基因均来自Binam.上述受盐胁迫影响较小的3个QTL和影响性状稳定性的13个QTL对耐盐性有贡献,属耐盐QTL.比较苗期和分蘖期耐盐QTL的分布,发现多数(69%)影响苗期和分蘖期的耐盐QTL在遗传上相互独立,仅在第1,2,8和11染色体的4个相同或相邻区域定位到影响两个时期的耐盐QTL,表明苗期和分蘖期的耐盐性存在部分的遗传重叠.通过标记辅助选择将苗期和分蘖期的重要耐盐QTL进行累加,或针对苗期和分蘖期的重叠耐盐QTL进行选择,有可能培育出苗期和分蘖期均耐盐的水稻品种.
A total of 99 BC2F8 backcross inbred lines from japonica rice cultivar Binam, a japonica rice cultivar from Iran, were used as materials to determine the quantitative traits of salt-tolerance-related traits in 2-leaf-1 and tillering stages of rice (QTLs), and 13 QTLs affecting seedling stage leaf salinity levels, seedling survival days and aboveground potassium and sodium ion concentrations were detected, and 22 QTLs affecting plant height, tiller number and shoot fresh weight at tillering stage were detected. The QTLs at tillering stage showed significant difference in salt stress. The QTLs were divided into three groups according to their expression. The first group was 11 QTLs under the control conditions. The second group was co-expressed under the control and salt stress (QPh5, QPh8, QTn9) of the five QTLs were the same in size and orientation, and the expression of QPh5, QPh8 and QTn9 was less affected by salt stress. In the third group, six QTLs were induced by salt stress QTL. Thirteen QTLs that affected the difference between the stress and the control were character stability. Except for QPh4, QTn2 and QFw2a, the alleles that increased stability or increased salt tolerance were obtained from Binam. Three QTLs that were less affected by salt stress and had stable traits Thirteen QTLs contributing to salt tolerance were salt tolerance QTLs.Comparing the distribution of salt tolerance QTLs at seedling and tillering stages, it was found that most (69%) QTLs for salt tolerance at seedling and tillering stages were genetically independent , Only the QTLs affecting salt tolerance in two stages were located in the same or adjacent regions on chromosomes 1, 2, 8 and 11, indicating that there was a partial genetic overlap in salt tolerance at seedling and tillering stages. It is possible to select overlapping QTLs for salt tolerance at seedling and tillering stages, or to select overlapping QTLs for salt tolerance at seedling and tillering stages. It is possible to cultivate rice varieties that tolerate salt at seedling and tillering stages.