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富阳市是浙江省银杏重点产区之一,栽培历史悠久,面积大,分布广,但多在村前屋后零星栽植,全市有成年结果银杏树2500余株。1963年后由于长期荒芜,管理粗放,致使雌树老化,树势衰弱,加上大批雄树被砍,雌树无法授粉,产量锐减,1966年平均株产白果不足6.5公斤。1987年开始,我们开展了银杏低产树改造技术研究,使银杏株产翻一番。主要通过五改:一、劣种嫁接良种;二、花粉喷雾;三、雌树林适当配置雄树和雌树高位嫁接雄枝;四、合理施肥;五、改粗放管理为集约管理。
Fuyang City, Zhejiang Province is one of the key producing areas of Ginkgo biloba, cultivation has a long history, large area, widely distributed, but more scattered in front of the village after the sporadic planting, the city has more than 2,500 adult ginkgo trees. After 1963, due to prolonged barrenness and extensive management, the aging of the female trees and the weakness of the trees, together with the removal of a large number of male trees, the female trees could not be pollinated and the output dropped sharply. In 1966, the average yield of ginkgo trees was less than 6.5 kg. Beginning in 1987, we carried out research on transformation technology of low-yielding ginkgo trees and doubled the production of ginkgo trees. Mainly through the five changes: First, the poor kinds of grafted elite; Second, pollen spray; Third, the appropriate allocation of female trees and male trees tall male and female branches; Fourth, a reasonable fertilization; Fifth, change the extensive management for intensive management.