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研究初步表明,早衰性品系的上部三张叶片绿色面积和叶色消退比正常品种为快,约早4～8天。~(14)C 标记指出,在开花期穗及上部三张叶片的~(14)C 同化物分配为:45%运向茎杆等供继续生长之用;30～35%运向籽粒;20～25%自存。开花后10天约76～81%运向籽粒;11～16%自存;运向茎杆等只占7%。在此期间,早衰性品系分配到籽粒的~(14)C 同化物比正常品系少5%。标记部位留存则多5%。其原因可能由于叶片早衰使同化物输出效率低所致。分析表明,早衰性品系穗及倒二叶、倒三叶~(14)C 同化物输出效率低于正常品系4.0～23.0%。开花后20天内,由于叶片早衰引起的籽粒产量损失率约为5～6％。由于开花后早衰性品系倒二叶、倒三叶比正常品系衰老早5～8天,而此时70%左右的光合产物运向籽粒。因此,在进行早熟小麦育种时,应尽量选育后期叶片不早衰的材料。在栽培上,应重视穗、粒肥的施用,以延长上部叶片功能,增加粒重。
Preliminary studies have shown that premature senility lines of the upper three leaf green area and leaf color regression than the normal varieties faster, about 4 to 8 days earlier. The ~ (14) C labeling indicated that the ~ (14) C assimilate distribution in the spikelets and the upper three leaves at flowering stage was: 45% for stems for continued growth; 30-35% for kernels; 20 ~ 25% self-storage. About 76-81% of the flowering grains were carried out 10 days after flowering; 11-16% were self-contained; only 7% were transported to the stems. During this time, the pre-bounded lines allocated ~ 5% less (14) C assimilates to the grain than normal lines. Marked site retention is more 5%. The reason may be due to premature leaf failure so that the output of the assimilation efficiency is low. The analysis showed that the output efficiency of the assimilate in the earliest and late second leaves and the inverted third leaf ~ (14) C was lower than that of the normal line by 4.0 ~ 23.0%. Within 20 days after flowering, the rate of grain yield loss due to premature leaf decay is about 5-6%. As a result of flowering after the pro-decay of the next two leaves, inverted clover earlier than the normal line aged 5 to 8 days, while about 70% of photosynthetic products to the grain. Therefore, in the precocious wheat breeding, we should try our best to breed late leaf failure material. In cultivation, should pay attention to ear, grain fertilizer application, in order to extend the upper leaf function, increase grain weight.