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近几年来,利用传统炭材料(如活性炭(AC)、生物炭(BC)、活性炭纤维(ACF)与活性炭布(ACC))以及纳米碳材料(如碳纳米管(CNT)、石墨烯(GE)、有序介孔碳(OMC)),或其表面改性后的炭基材料,代替金属催化剂,来催化活化过氧化物(包括过氧化氢(H_2O_2)、过一硫酸氢盐(HSO_5~-,PMS)、过二硫酸盐(S_2O_8~(2-),PS))产生高活性羟基自由基(·OH)或硫酸根自由基(SO_4~(·-)),从而氧化去除水中难生物降解有机污染物,成为水处理领域研究热点。在炭表面富含很多起催化作用的官能团,如羟基、羧基、酮基、吡啶、吡咯等,同时具有丰富多样的缺陷形状、离域π电子、杂化C轨道等,能共同协作表现出非金属炭基催化剂的优良特性。因此,不同类型材料及其表面官能团、表面结构、电子密度等因素对炭基材料催化过氧化物的机理发挥显著作用。本文深入分析了上述炭基材料在吸附、络合中间体、电子转移过程中催化过氧化物产生强氧化性的自由基,并高效降解水中有机污染物的作用机理,综述了2010年以来该类高级氧化技术在水处理领域的研究进展,特别是通过总结炭基材料的氧化改性作用、氮化改性作用、多原子原位掺杂作用以及还原改性作用,系统阐述了表面物理化学性质对炭基材料催化过氧化物的表面作用机制的影响,并归纳了氧化剂对炭基材料的表面作用机制,对存在的问题提出了新的研究展望。
In recent years, the use of traditional carbon materials such as Activated Carbon (AC), Biochar (BC), Activated Carbon Fiber (ACF) and Activated Carbon Cloth (ACC) and nanocarbon materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) ), Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC)), or its surface-modified carbon-based materials, instead of metal catalysts, to catalyze the activation of peroxides including hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) -, PMS), peroxodisulfate (S_2O_8 ~ (2 -), PS)) to produce highly active hydroxyl radical (· OH) or sulfate radical (SO_4 ~ (·) Degradation of organic pollutants, water research has become a hot area. The carbon surface is rich in many catalytic functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, keto, pyridine, pyrrole, etc., while having a variety of defect shape, delocalized π-electron, hybrid C orbital, can work together to show non- Excellent properties of metal-based carbon catalysts. Therefore, different types of materials and their surface functional groups, surface structure, electron density and other factors play a significant role in the mechanism of catalytic oxidation of peroxides with carbon-based materials. In this paper, the above-mentioned carbon-based materials in the adsorption, complexation intermediates, electron transfer catalyzed peroxide oxidation strong free radicals, and efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water mechanism, reviewed since 2010 Advances in advanced oxidation technology in the field of water treatment, especially by summarizing the oxidative modification of carbon-based materials, nitriding, polyatomic in situ doping and the role of reduction and modification, systematically elaborated on the surface physico-chemical properties On the surface of carbon-based materials catalytic peroxide mechanism of action, and summarizes the oxidant on the carbon-based surface mechanism of the role of the existing problems put forward a new research prospects.