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以新实证主义科学逻辑学的变种为基础的经验一分析的政治学理论(人们也把它称之为演绎-经验的,或者经验-概括-归纳的政治学理论),比规范的政治学理论庞杂得多。经验的政治学理论,只有当它是系统的时候,才称得起为“理论”,也就是说,只有当它能够用形式上没有矛盾的演绎方法来解释和预测种种事件的时候,才称得起为“理论”。这种类型的理论陈述必须尽量普通化和富有陈述性,并且必须具有探讨形式。然而,关于政治学理论探讨的范围和概括水平的高低问题,在实证主义者中间却没有统一的认识。R.K.默顿认为,在当今的社会科学中,只有中间理论才是可行的,并且认为,成千上万的经验研究家们试图获得一
The empirical-analytic theory of political science based on variations of the new positivist scientific logic (which people also refer to as deductive-empirical or empirical-summarized-inductive political theory) Much more complex. An empirical political science theory can only be called “theory” when it is systematic, that is to say, only when it can interpret and predict events in a formally non-contradictory way of deducing Worthy of “theory.” This type of theoretical statement must be as generic and declarative as possible and must have a form of exploration. However, there is no unified understanding among the positivists about the scope of the theory of political science and the level of generalization. R.K. Merton argues that in today’s social sciences only the middle theory is viable and that thousands of empirical researchers try to obtain a