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戏曲行当,是戏曲脚色登场表演时对表演任务分工后形成的类型形态。由于行当与脚色在概念内涵上有过多的交叉乃至融合,对戏曲演出有深刻体会的人们,都习惯于把二者合并使用,称为“脚色行当”。戏曲行当的发展,经历了从简单技艺操弄,到对人物进行模仿与表现的历程;在“江湖十二脚色”阶段形成稳定的规模和状态,进展到京剧,则形成生、旦、净、丑四大行当的成熟体系。分析京剧生、旦、净、丑四大行当的定位状态可以发现,行当的归类划分,是从性别、年龄以及性格、品行等角度入手,对社会众生相进行归类与表现。
Opera business, is the role of drama debut performances performed on the performance of tasks divided into types of forms. As the concept of business lines and the role of the concept of too much on the crossover and integration, the performance of the drama have a profound experience of people, are used to the two combined use, known as “the role of job.” The development of opera business has gone through the simple skills manipulation to the characters in the process of imitation and performance; in the “rivers and lakes twelve legs” phase of the formation of a stable scale and status of the progress of the Peking Opera, the formation of Health, Dan, net, Ugly four lines of the mature system. Analysis of Beijing Opera students, Dan, Net, Ugly positioning of the status of the four major businesses can be found in the classification of business, is from the perspective of gender, age and character, conduct and other aspects of the social beings of the classification and performance.