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采用洗涤检验法和PDA培养基法,从京欣一号和新京欣一号西瓜种子的种壳上分离得到镰刀菌,通过形态学观察和分子检测进行了鉴定,并研究了其对种子发芽的影响。通过菌落形态、色素颜色、菌落生长速率、大型分生孢子、小型分生孢子、厚垣孢子以及分生孢子梗等形态学观察,初步认为其为尖孢镰刀菌;采用真菌rDNA ITS区的通用引物、镰刀菌属特异性引物和尖孢镰刀菌特异性引物对其DNA进行PCR扩增,PCR产物经连接转化并验证后测序,将测序结果登录GenBank进行BLAST分析,分子检测结果与形态学观察结果一致,表明西瓜种子种壳携带的镰刀菌为尖孢镰刀菌,此结果为国内首次报道。用种传尖孢镰刀菌孢子悬浮液处理西瓜种子后,发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数均显著降低。
Fusarium was isolated from the seed coat of Jingxin-1 and Xinjingxin-1 watermelon seeds by washing assay and PDA medium method. The Fusarium species were identified by morphological observation and molecular detection, and their germination on seeds Impact. According to the morphological observation of colony morphology, pigment color, colony growth rate, large conidia, small conidia, chlamydospore and conidia stalk, Fusarium oxysporum was initially considered; Primers, Fusarium-specific primers and Fusarium oxysporum specific primers were used to amplify the DNA. The PCR products were transformed by ligation and verified by sequencing. The results of the sequencing were registered in GenBank for BLAST analysis. The results of molecular analysis and morphological observation The results were consistent, indicating that the seeds of watermelon seeds Fusarium species Fusarium oxysporum, the results for the first time reported. Watermelon seeds were treated with Fusarium oxysporum spore suspension, the germination potential, germination rate and germination index decreased significantly.