论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨上海市民吸烟与癌症及有关疾病的关系。方法８０年代初在上海市区、市郊和郊县开展了居民吸烟状况的横断面调查。至１９９４年年底，市区研究对象随访了１２年，郊区研究对象随访了１１年。本次研究分析了４０岁以上研究对象的随访资料，并用Ｐｏｉｓｏｎ回归模型估计吸烟因素的年龄调整相对危险度及其９５％可信区间。结果市区分析结果表明，男女性吸烟者全死因的相对危险度分别为１．４８、１．６２。而所有癌症死亡的相对危险度男性为２．２０，女性为２．００。相对危险度有统计学意义的癌症部位是肺癌、肝癌、食管癌（男）、胃癌（男）、胰腺癌（男）、膀胱癌（男）。脑血管疾病、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿和肺心病的相对危险度也见显著升高。市郊和郊县的结果与市区类似。我们估计了三个地区吸烟对男性某些疾病的归因危险度（ＰＡＲ），所有死因吸烟的ＰＡＲ（％）三地分别为２０．９、１８．９、１６．３，所有癌症三地吸烟的ＰＡＲ（％）分别为４０．０、３４．５、３４．２，肺癌三地吸烟的ＰＡＲ（％）分别为７１．７、５９．２、６４．７。结论吸烟与一些癌症、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病、肺原性心脏病及脑血管病等的死亡有关
Objective To investigate the relationship between smoking and cancer and related diseases in Shanghai citizens. Methods In the early 1980s, a cross-sectional survey of residents’ smoking status was conducted in Shanghai, suburbs and suburbs. By the end of 1994, urban subjects were followed for 12 years and suburban subjects were followed for 11 years. This study analyzed the follow-up data of subjects over the age of 40 and used Poison regression model to estimate the age-adjusted relative risk of smoking and its 95% confidence interval. Results The results of urban analysis showed that the relative risk of all causes of death of male and female smokers were 1.48 and 1.62 respectively. The relative risk of all cancer deaths was 2.20 for males and 2.00 for females. The relative risk of cancer sites were statistically significant in lung cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer (male), gastric cancer (male), pancreatic cancer (male), bladder cancer (male). The relative risk of cerebrovascular disease, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and pulmonary heart disease also increased significantly. The results in suburbs and suburbs are similar to urban areas. We estimated the attributable risk (PAR) of some diseases in men in three areas for smoking, PAR (%) for all causes of death were 20.9, 18.9, and 16.3, respectively, and all three smoking patterns PAR (%) were 40.0,34.5,34.2 respectively, smoking PAR (%) in lung cancer were 71.7,59.2,64.7. Conclusions Smoking is associated with the death of some cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease