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应用透射电镜对24 例妊娠40 周后伴胎儿过熟综合征的胎盘合成区和运输区合胞体细胞的微绒毛和线粒体进行体视学测试, 并与足月妊娠生理性过期妊娠胎盘进行对照。结果发现从足月妊娠至生理性过期妊娠, 运输区微绒毛表面积密度、体积密度及表面积逐渐增大, 合成区缩小; 病理性过期妊娠, 则两区均明显变小。线粒体的体密度, 表面积密度及数密度在两区均逐渐增加, 至病理性过期妊娠时则显著缩小, 上述改变以运输区变化显著, 平均体积逐渐增大。表明在病理的情况下, 胎盘合胞体细胞损害主要发生在合成区, 运输区则在此时进行功能代偿。失代偿后则发生病理性过期妊娠及胎儿过熟综合征。
Twenty-four cases of placenta syncytiotrophoblastic placental synthesis and transport zone syncytial cells after 24 weeks of gestation were examined by transmission electron microscopy for stereological examination and compared with gestational placentas in gestational physiology of full term pregnancy. The results showed that from term pregnancy to physiological pregnancy, the microvilli surface area density, bulk density and surface area of transport area gradually increased, and the synthesis area narrowed down. In pathological overdry pregnancy, the two areas were significantly smaller. Mitochondrial body density, surface area density and number density in both areas were gradually increased to the pathological obesity significantly reduced when pregnant, the transport changes in the significant changes in the area, the average volume gradually increased. Show that in the case of pathology, placental syncytial cell damage occurs mainly in the synthesis zone, transport zone at this time is functionally compensated. After decompensation occurs pathological obesity pregnancy and fetal overmature syndrome.