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目的了解综合性医院腹泻患者溶组织内阿米巴感染现状,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法选择上海市3所综合性医院肠道门诊,采集门诊腹泻患者新鲜粪便和血清,分别采用生理盐水涂片法和碘液染色法、免疫层析法、ELISA法进行检测,以了解腹泻患者溶组织内阿米巴感染状况,并对感染者特征进行分析。结果检测腹泻患者粪便样本1 015份,检出溶组织内阿米巴原虫病原学阳性36份,总阳性率为3.55%。3所医院腹泻患者病原学阳性率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),溶组织内阿米巴阳性者性别、年龄、职业和文化程度分布差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),脓血便中溶组织内阿米巴阳性率显著高于稀便和水样便(P均<0.01)。7-9月为发病高峰。88.90%的阳性者有腹痛,75.00%和22.23%的阳性者粪便查见白细胞和红细胞。试剂条法检测溶组织内阿米巴粪抗原阳性率为8.18%(83/1 015),ELISA法检测溶组织内阿米巴Ig G抗体阳性率为7.12%(48/675)。结论夏秋季是溶组织内阿米巴感染高发季节,应加强监测;脓血便中溶组织内阿米巴检出阳性率较高,联合应用多种检测手段能提高检出率。
Objective To understand the status of Entamoeba histolytica infection in diarrhea patients in general hospital and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment. Methods The intestine outpatients of three general hospitals in Shanghai were collected to collect fresh excrement and serum of outpatients with diarrhea. The patients were diagnosed diarrhea by saline smear and iodine staining, immunochromatography and ELISA, respectively Entamoeba histolytica infection, and analysis of the characteristics of infected persons. Results A total of 1 015 samples of stool samples from diarrhea patients were detected. 36 etiological positive samples of Entamoeba histolytica were detected. The total positive rate was 3.55%. There were no significant differences in the etiological positive rates of diarrhea among the 3 hospitals (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of sex, age, occupation and educational level between the positive and negative samples of Entamoeba histolytica (P> 0.05) , The positive rate of Entamoeba histolytica in purulent blood was significantly higher than that of loose stools and watery stools (all P <0.01). July-September peak incidence. 88.90% of the positive persons had abdominal pain, and 75.00% and 22.23% of the positive stools found white blood cells and erythrocytes. The positive rate of Entamoeba histolytica E.coli stool antigen was 8.18% (83/1 015). The positive rate of Ig G antibody in Entamoeba histolytica was 7.12% (48/675) by ELISA. Conclusion In summer and autumn, the incidence of Entamoeba histolytica infection is high, and the monitoring should be strengthened. The positive rate of Entamoeba histolytica in pus and blood is high, and the combination of multiple detection methods can improve the detection rate.