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中缅边境地区果园种植区以山地和丘陵为主,由于夏季多雨而春冬季干旱等季节性问题突出,果园内水土流失严重,套种牧草、作物是有效缓解水土流失问题的主要途径。为此,通过查阅文献、调研、试验实践的方式,就滇西南、滇东南地区果园牧草、一般经济作物的套种情况进行了分析比较,从产量、产值、覆盖度及水土保持效应等方面分析比较了不同牧草、一般经济作物的套种效果。结果表明:在中缅边境地区果园内,可套种的牧草种质资源丰富,套种豆科、禾本科牧草的混播产量产值最高,鲜重产量达79000~83000 kg/hm~2,产值13500~42000元/hm~2,均高于豆科、禾本科及菊科牧草单种;套种作物以小米辣、毛豆、生姜为主,经济效益在7500~36000元/hm~2之间,其中以套种生姜的效益最高。总体来看,在中缅边境地区果园内套种牧草以豆科、禾本科混播效益最佳,而套种牧草的经济、生态综合效益优于套种作物,因此推荐豆科、禾本科牧草混播的套种模式。
The orchards in the border areas of China and Burma are dominated by hills and hills. Due to the rainy summer and spring and winter droughts, the seasonal problems are prominent. The soil erosion in the orchards is serious. Interplanting of forages and crops is the main way to effectively alleviate soil erosion. Therefore, by referring to the methods of literature, investigation and experiment, the intercropping situation of forage grasses and general cash crops in southwestern Yunnan and southeast Yunnan were analyzed and compared, and the yield, output value, coverage and soil and water conservation effects were analyzed and compared Different forage, the general economic crop interplanting effect. The results showed that the intercropping forage germplasm resources were abundant in the orchards on the Sino-Burmese border, and the intercropped forage legumes and grass forages had the highest mixed-crop yield, with the fresh weight of 79000-83000 kg / hm-2 and the output value of 13500-42000 Yuan / hm ~ 2, were higher than that of legumes, grasses and Compositae forages. The intercropping crops were mainly spicy millet, soybean and ginger with the economic benefit of 7500-36000 yuan / hm ~ 2, Ginger the most effective. In general, intercropping pasture in the border region of China and Burma is the most effective way for interplanting forage legumes and grasses, while the economic and ecological benefits of intercropping pasture are better than intercropping crops. Therefore, it is recommended that the intercropping patterns of legumes and grasses .