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目的调查不同规模医院日抗菌药物使用情况。方法与全国医院感染现患率调查同时进行,调查2003年8月7日住院患者全身使用抗菌药物的情况,逐床查阅医嘱登记调查表,各医院汇总后统一分析。结果151家医院89539例住院患者的抗菌药物使用率为54.86%,治疗用药占48.98%,预防用药占35.44%,治疗加预防占15.58%。用1种抗菌药物占61.43%,2种33.65%,3种及以上4.92%。23.92%的治疗用药患者送标本做细菌培养。不同医院之间差别较大,教学医院抗菌药物使用率相对较低,300床位以下医院抗菌药物使用率明显高于300床位以上医院。呼吸科、综合ICU、儿科抗菌药物使用率较高。结论151家医院住院患者日抗菌药物使用率较高,预防用药较多,联合用药比例较大,培养标本送检率较低,提示仍需加强抗菌药物临床应用的管理。
Objective To investigate the use of antibacterials in hospitals of different sizes. Methods The survey was conducted at the same time as the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in China. The investigation of the systemic use of antimicrobial drugs in inpatients on August 7, 2003, and the questionnaire of registration of doctor ’s visit on a case - by - case basis were conducted on a case - by - case basis. Results The antibacterial drug use rate of the 81,959 inpatients in 151 hospitals was 54.86%, the treatment medication was 48.98%, the preventive medication was 35.44% and the therapy plus prevention was 15.58%. With one kind of antibiotics accounted for 61.43%, two kinds of 33.65%, three kinds and above 4.92%. 23.92% of patients treated with drug delivery bacterial culture. The differences among different hospitals are relatively large, and the utilization rate of antibacterials in teaching hospitals is relatively low. The utilization rate of antibacterials in hospitals below 300 beds is obviously higher than that in hospitals above 300 beds. Respiratory department, integrated ICU, pediatric antibacterials higher utilization rate. Conclusions The inpatients in 151 hospitals have higher daily use of antimicrobial agents, more prophylactic drugs, a larger proportion of combined drugs, and a lower delivery rate of cultured samples, suggesting that the administration of antimicrobial agents should be further strengthened.