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目的研究兔眼外肌注射A型肉毒毒素(BTXA)后3个月的神经末梢萌芽、运动终板及肌纤维的变化,从神经再生方面探讨BTX的作用规律。设计实验性研究。研究对象10只新西兰大白兔。方法10只白兔,在双眼8条眼外肌肌腹各注射BTXA 2．5U,在注射0、2、4、6、8、12周时各取一条眼外肌,共60条作乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)组化染色显示运动终板、肌纤维,用Bielschowsky银染法显示神经末梢萌芽。主要指标有萌芽终板数,总终板数；萌芽平均总长度/有萌芽终板数；运动终板的灰度值、面积；肌纤维直径。结果眼外肌的运动终板中,有萌芽终板数,总终板数、萌芽平均总长度/有萌芽终板数在2周(84．04±3．56．170．71±46．83)和4周(91．52±4．13,162．11±56．19)时达到最高峰,之后逐渐降低,到12周时降到最低(19．53±4．00,40．46±6．47),但仍稍高于正常值。运动终板的灰度值、面积及肌纤维直径亦出现此规律。结论注射BTXA后的神经末梢萌芽和运动终板的变化在2～4周时最为明显,之后逐渐降低,与临床上观察到的肉毒毒素作用规律相符,为研究肉毒毒素引起的肌麻痹的恢复过程提供一种新的观察途径。(眼科,2006．15：326-330)
Objective To study the changes of nerve endings, motor end plates and muscle fibers in rabbit extraocular muscles after injection of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) for 3 months, and to explore the role of BTX in nerve regeneration. Design experimental research. Study 10 New Zealand white rabbits. Methods Ten rabbits were injected with 2.5X BTXA into each of the 8 extraocular muscles of the eyes and 60 extra retinoids were taken at 0,2,4,6,8,12 weeks. Enzymatic (AchE) histochemical staining revealed motor end-plates, muscle fibers, and budding of nerve endings was revealed by silver staining with Bielschowsky. The main indicators are the number of end buds, the total number of end plates; the average total budding length / number of end buds; gray value of motor end plates, area; muscle fiber diameter. Results There were number of end-plate, total end-plate, average total length of sprout / number of sprout end-plate in 2 weeks after operation (84.04 ± 3.56.170.71 ± 46.83 ) And peaked at 4 weeks (91.52 ± 4.13, 162.11 ± 56.19), then decreased gradually to the lowest at 12 weeks (19.53 ± 4.00, 40.46 ± 6. 47), but still slightly above normal. The gray value, area and muscle fiber diameter of motor end plate also appear this rule. Conclusions The changes of nerve endings and motor end plates after BTXA injection are most obvious at 2 to 4 weeks and then gradually decrease, which is consistent with the clinical observation of the effect of botulinum toxin. To study the effects of botulinum toxin on muscle paralysis The recovery process provides a new way of looking. (Ophthalmology, 2006.15: 326-330)