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本文对404份各种类型冬小麦主要种质资源的6个品质性状和5个其它主要农艺性状进行了相关分析和综合评定。相关分析表明,抽穗期与千粒重及蛋白质、干面筋、湿面筋含量均呈极显著负相关。株高与干、湿面筋含量呈极显著正相关。千粒重与沉淀值呈极显著负相关,与干、湿面筋含量呈极显著正相关。角质率与出粉率呈极显著正相关。籽粒蛋白质含量与出粉率呈极显著负相关,与沉淀值、干、湿面筋含量均呈极显著正相关。出粉率与干、湿面筋含量呈显著负相关。干面筋与湿面筋呈极显著正相关。随籽粒饱满度增加,出粉率与干面筋呈规律性增加,而蛋白质和沉淀值则无规律性变化。对各种类型种质资源综合评定表明,我国农家品种具有角质率高,籽粒色白透明,出粉率高和蛋白质、面筋含量高等优点,而沉淀值普遍俯低;国内育成品种产量水平高,综合农艺性状好,但其品质较差;国外引进品种的适应性较差,但其沉淀值明显高于国内品种,具有加工品质好的显著特点。分析了上述各类品种在品质育种中的作用。筛选出了二批品质、农艺性状兼优的亲本材料。
In this paper, the correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 404 quality traits of the main germplasm resources of all types of winter wheat and 5 other major agronomic traits were carried out. Correlation analysis showed that the heading date had extremely significant negative correlation with 1000-grain weight and protein, dry gluten and wet gluten content. Plant height and dry and wet gluten content was extremely significant positive correlation. Grain weight and sedimentation value was significantly negative correlation, and dry and wet gluten content was extremely significant positive correlation. There was a significant and significant positive correlation between the rate of husking and the rate of flour removal. Grain protein content and flour yield was significantly negatively correlated, and sedimentation value, dry and wet gluten content were significantly significant positive correlation. The output of powder and dry and wet gluten content was significantly negatively correlated. Dry gluten and wet gluten were significantly and positively correlated. With the increase of grain plumpness, the output of flour and dry gluten increased regularly, while the protein and sediment value showed no regular changes. Comprehensive evaluation of various types of germplasm resources shows that the cultivars in our country have the advantages of high rate of stratum corneum, transparent white color, high rate of flour production, high content of protein and gluten, and generally low sedimentation value. The yield of domestic cultivated varieties is high, The agronomic traits are good, but the quality is poor. The adaptability of the imported varieties is poor, but the sedimentation value is obviously higher than the domestic varieties, which has the remarkable characteristics of good processing quality. The role of above varieties in quality breeding was analyzed. Selected two batches of quality, agronomic characters and excellent parent material.