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目前,已经存在和新发展的大量化学物质需要进行发育毒性(Developmental Toxicity)评价。但是传统致畸试验(Conventional Teratology Test CTT)需要的动物多,耗资大,且需要专门技术,不能满足日益迫切的毒性评价需要。因此,急需发展一些短期筛选试验方法,有人利用细胞、器官和全胚培养,或利用无脊椎动物、低等脊椎动物进行初筛。但是,以上方法均缺乏母体-胎盘-胚胎间物质的交换及代谢作用;有些难溶性或水溶性物质不易进行这种实验;无法选择染毒途径;而且体外培养需要专门设备和技术,有一定难度。EPA
At present, a large number of existing and newly developed chemicals need to be evaluated for Developmental Toxicity. However, the conventional teratology test (CTT) requires many animals, which are expensive, require special skills and can not meet the increasingly urgent needs of toxicity assessment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop some short-term screening test methods. Some people use cell, organ and whole embryo culture, or use invertebrates and lower vertebrates for primary screening. However, the above methods are lack of maternal-placenta-embryo exchange and metabolism of substances; some insoluble or water-soluble substances is not easy to carry out such experiments; can not choose the route of exposure; and in vitro culture requires specialized equipment and technology, a certain degree of difficulty . EPA