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本世纪初,人们就认为突变与杂交,选择一样,是推动进化的动力之一。对于现代植物育种所希望获得的遗传改良来讲,自然突变率太低,其利用程度有限。 20世纪初,Gager首先观察到人工诱发的遗传变异。20世纪末,Muller等人证明这种变异是孟德尔式,认为诱发突变在植物育种中将发挥重要的作用,但Stadler由于发现大麦和玉米的无用乃至有害突变,对其前景产生怀疑,其观点几乎影响了两代植物育种家,导致了一种广为流
The beginning of this century, people think mutation and hybridization, the same choice, is one of the driving forces to promote evolution. For the genetic improvement desired by modern plant breeding, the natural mutation rate is too low and its utilization is limited. In the early 20th century, Gager first observed artificially induced genetic variation. At the end of the 20th century, Muller et al. Demonstrated that this variation is Mendelian and that induced mutations play an important role in plant breeding. Stadler, however, doubts its prospects because of the useless or even deleterious mutation of barley and corn, Affected two generations of plant breeders, resulting in a widespread flow