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本文在太和县1989年初级卫生保健有关指标本底状况调查资料的基础上进行二次随机抽样,对所抽取的830户农村居民的收入和因病支出的统计得:因病致贫率33.22%。其原因主要是:①居民自我保健意识低下导致疾病发生率上升;②通过比较,本地卫生需求量中两周内每千人患病人数与两周内每千人患病天数、卧床天数及休工天数三项指标呈分离现象,结合年内患病需住院而未住院原因分析,提示有贫—病—贫的不良循环存在;③村级卫生组织是农村居民医疗服务的主要承担者,但本地该级卫技人员业务素质低下,这不可避免地出现病—治—病—贫的现象;④自费医疗制度决定农民承担大病的风险能力不强.对此我们建议:①加强健康教育,提高居民健康意识,改善农村卫生条件;②加强村级卫生组织整顿,提高在岗人员政治、业务素质;③逐步建立并完善农村医疗保险制度。
Based on the background data of primary health care related indicators in Taihe County in 1989, this paper conducts secondary random sampling. The statistics of the income and sickness expenditures of the 830 rural residents collected are as follows: The rate of poverty caused by illness is 33.22. %. The main reasons are as follows: 1 The low awareness of residents’ self-health care leads to an increase in the incidence of diseases; 2 By comparison, the number of patients per 1,000 people in the two weeks of local health needs and the number of days per 1,000 people in two weeks, the number of days in bed and rest The three indicators of labor days are separated, combined with analysis of the reasons for the need to be hospitalized during the year without hospitalization, suggesting that there is a poor cycle of poverty, illness and poverty; 3 village-level health organizations are the main bearers of rural residents’ medical services, but The quality of the medical staff at the local level is low, which inevitably leads to the phenomenon of disease-treatment-illness-poorness; 4 The self-financed medical system determines that the farmers’ ability to bear serious diseases is not strong. We recommend that: 1 strengthen health education and improve Residents’ health awareness and improvement of rural health conditions; 2 Reinforce village-level health organizations’ rectification and improve the political and professional qualities of on-the-job personnel; 3 Establish and improve rural medical insurance systems step by step.