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目的：探讨精液生精细胞检查与疾病的关系。方法：采用瑞-姬染色法观察精液生精细胞形态、数量及存在比例。结果：化疗、放疗病人出现生精细胞形态异常；长期服用雷公藤药物生精停滞于初级精母细胞阶段；长期接触高温、肾功能不全而行血透者生精细胞停滞于初级精母细胞及精子细胞阶段；双侧隐睾及Klinefelter综合征病人精液中无精子及生精细胞；阴囊鞘膜积液约20％的病人生精停滞于精子细胞阶段；精索静脉曲张（Ⅱ～Ⅲ°）精液中以精子细胞为主；睾丸及附睾炎症病人精液中除出现次级精母细胞、精子细胞外，以中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核巨噬细胞多见。结论：本研究为精液常规检查增加了新内容，为诊断与治疗不育症及环境遗传因索引起的生精障碍，提供了客观指标。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between spermatogenic cells and diseases. Methods: The morphology, number and proportion of spermatogenic cells of spermatozoa were observed by Swiss-Ji staining. Results: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy patients showed abnormal spermatogenic cells morphology; long-term use of Tripterygium drug spermatogenic arrest in primary spermatocyte stage; long-term exposure to high temperature, renal insufficiency and hemodialysis spermatogenic cells stagnate in primary spermatocytes and Spermatozoon stage; spermatozoa of both cryptorchidism and Klinefelter syndrome in patients with sperm and spermatogenic cells; about 20% of patients with scrotal hydrocephalus stagnated in the sperm cell stage; varicocele (Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ °) Sperm cells in the main sperm cells; testicular and epididymal sepsis in addition to secondary spermatocytes, sperm cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes more common macrophages. Conclusion: This study adds new content to the routine examination of semen, and provides objective indicators for the diagnosis and treatment of infertility and environmental genetic factors caused by spermatogenic disorders.