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新生儿细菌感染在国内常见.如何正确使用抗生素,应先了解抗生素药物代谢动力学(简称药代动力学)在新生儿期的特点.[新生儿期药代动力学的特点]一、吸收:新生儿口服药的吸收可差别很大,患病时口服给药常不可靠,重症宜静脉给药.但脐静脉给药可引起肝坏死;注入脐动脉可导致肢体或肾坏死.新生儿体表面积相对较大,粘膜娇嫩,皮肤角化层薄,特别是有炎症或破损时,局部应用抗生素因吸收较多可致中毒.有报道皮肤烫伤局部用新霉素后引起失听.
Neonatal bacterial infection is common in the country.How to correctly use antibiotics, should first understand the characteristics of antibiotic pharmacokinetics (referred to as pharmacokinetics) in the neonatal period. [Neonatal pharmacokinetic characteristics] First, the absorption: Neonatal oral drug absorption can vary widely, when the disease is often unreliable oral administration, severe should be given intravenously .Human venous administration can cause liver necrosis; injection of umbilical artery can lead to limb or kidney necrosis .Neonatal Surface area is relatively large, delicate mucosa, skin keratosis thin, especially when there is inflammation or damage, topical antibiotics due to absorption can cause poisoning. There are reports of local skin scalds caused by neomycin after the loss of hearing.