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近年来对肺部感染的治疗,需要更多的抗菌药物。其原因是(1)大约有5～15%的病人由于过敏或特异反应不能耐受各种青霉素的治疗;(2)某些引起肺部感染的常见病原菌对抗菌药物产生耐药。如有的地区不论从住院病人还是普通人群中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株,约80～85%耐青霉素;(3)医院内由于控制一般感染导致正常菌群成为菌血症、肺炎及其它严重感染的主要病原菌。这些病原菌常对多种抗菌素耐药。由于上述原因,促使许多新抗菌药物发展。本文将讨论近年用于肺炎及其它呼吸道感染的主要抗菌素。
In recent years, the treatment of lung infections, need more antibacterial drugs. The reason is that (1) about 5 to 15% of patients can not tolerate various penicillins due to allergies or specific reactions; and (2) some common pathogens that cause lung infections develop resistance to antibiotics. About 80-85% of penicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are isolated from inpatients and the general population in some areas; (3) Normal flora becomes bacteremia, pneumonia and others due to general infection control in hospitals Serious infection of the main pathogens. These pathogens are often resistant to many antibiotics. Due to the above reasons, prompting many new antibacterial drugs to develop. This article will discuss the major antibiotics used in pneumonia and other respiratory infections in recent years.