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目的了解泸县乡镇自来水水质动态变化及其影响因素,为改善水质提供科学依据。方法用GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对40家自来水厂2007～2010年的水质监测资料进行评价和分析。结果 4年内共检测饮用水369份,平均合格率为25.75%,年合格率依次为16.90%、24.76%、19.32%、38.10%,呈上升趋势,其中出厂水与末梢水、枯水期与丰水期平均合格率差异无统计学意义。各类指标综合合格率依次为毒理学指标(97.29%)、一般化学指标(76.15%)、感官指标(60.98%)、消毒指标(50.95%)、微生物指标(46.34%)。主要不合格项目:游离余氯、总大肠菌群、菌落总数、耐热大肠菌群、浑浊度、色度。结论泸县乡镇自来水水质较差,其中微生物和感官指标超标严重,水质亟待进一步改善。应加强对水源的防护,加强对水厂的改扩建和制水工艺的改进,加强消毒措施和人员培训,完善水厂的卫生学评价,加强饮用水卫生监督监测力度。
Objective To understand the dynamic changes of tap water quality and its influencing factors in Lu County and provide a scientific basis for improving water quality. Methods The water quality monitoring data of 40 waterworks from 2007 to 2010 were evaluated and analyzed according to GB5749-2006 Sanitary Standard for Domestic Drinking Water. Results A total of 369 drinking water samples were collected within 4 years, with an average pass rate of 25.75%. The annual pass rates were 16.90%, 24.76%, 19.32% and 38.10%, respectively, showing an upward trend. The excrement and peripheral water, dry season and wet season The average pass rate was no significant difference. The overall pass rate of various indexes followed by toxicology index (97.29%), general chemical indicators (76.15%), sensory indicators (60.98%), disinfection indicators (50.95%), microbial indicators (46.34%). The main unqualified items: free residual chlorine, total coliforms, the total number of colonies, heat-resistant coliform bacteria, turbidity, color. Conclusion Luoxian township tap water quality is poor, of which microbial and sensory indicators exceeded the standard seriously, water quality needs further improvement. We should strengthen the protection of water sources, strengthen the renovation and expansion of waterworks and water technology improvements, strengthen disinfection measures and personnel training, improve the hygiene evaluation of waterworks, and strengthen the supervision and monitoring of drinking water health.