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Written by Yin Chuanhong， Painting by Luo Mei
From Geochemist to celestial body chemists， pioneer of Chinese celestial chemistry， to the chief scientist of China's lunar exploration program， Ouyang Ziyuan realized his magical leap from the "earth" to "space".
Friends from afar
Autumn， 1935， Ji’an， Jiangxi， China
A pregnant woman was of dystocia symptoms， lasting two days and nights.
After the longtime suffering， when the baby finally came to this world crying， his little uncle next room reading， just read the sentence of “to have friends from afar” in the "Analects of Confucius". He could not help but sighed， "This birth of this kid is so difficult. Is he coming from very faraway place？ Why not call him “Ziyuan”（meaning coming from places far away）. "
Though born in troubled times， Ouyang’s hometown Ji’an symbolizes “Luck and Peace” in Chinese language. His grandfathers had a poor life dependent on a pharmacy. When was 4 years old， despite the family business of a pharmacy， it required effort for his parents to hard support their life. Therefore， Ouyang was sent to live in his grandparents’ home in Yongxin County， Ji'an. There， his uncle became his first teacher， with whom he learned literacy and numeracy.
Young as he was， Ouyang was a typical "bookworm" in others’ eyes. Even bookstore clerks recognized him， and the elderly living nearby often take the initiative to give him books. He read a wide range of books， which inevitably involve science books and journals like "science"， thus the "nutrition" within is very rich.
In the classroom， he was lucky enough to find a group of good teachers， not only greatly increase of knowledge， but also learned methods of learning and thinking. One day， he asked his geography teacher Yuan Jiarui how do it readily to portray a map of the world？ The teacher told him： "When you are not only learning but loving， you will be closer to perfection." Afterwards， the teacher extended the previous answer： "When you learn with heart to make a strong and prosperous country， you will find your learning full of passion."
In 1952， when Ouyang graduated from high school， faced with his own important life decisions， the geography teacher’s words echoed in his ears. Instead of inheriting ancestral family or picking his most interested astronomy or most talented chemistry， to his own aspirations he positioned his future major to the needs of the country， the most urgent call - "Waking up sleepy mountains， offering the treasure to the motherland. " He chose metallic and nonmetallic mineral exploration major in Mineral Resources Exploration Department of Beijing Institute of Geology. This year， on a summer day， Ouyang put the books， school supplies， household items were put into two boxes， with a pole lug， he departed from Yongxin County to Ji'an City. 180 miles， step by step， this trip of "exam" took him three days.
Set sail on dream
Ouyang succeeded in the first enrollment Beijing Institute of Geology. 17 years old as he was， he cherished this valuable opportunity. On one hand， he studied hard with broad range and consolidate professional knowledge base； on the one hand， he consciously trained himself for physical fitness to get prepared for mineral resource exploration in the future. Once he even walked back and forth carrying sandbags in the Summer Palace， looking just like a hiking trekkers.
Ambition， diligence and reflection soon paid off. As a Freshman， based on his own research， Ouyang invented a calculation rule which could greatly simplify the measurement， which shocked his school at that time. During his Sophomore year， he was elected to the national roll student， by the grand recognition， and in the summer after sophomore year， he was appointed to work and rest in Nanjing with five special Soviet experts working in the Institute. In this trip， a detail left Ouyang great astonishment： with a slightly check of cross-section of a hillside， a Soviet expert immediately revealed the age， rocks and other major constituents of this mountain. Seeing this， Ouyang determined： he must grasp this "skill" as soon as possible.
During the juniors and seniors， Ouyang dedicate themselves to the practice of exploration and scientific research， among which he learned operating drilling machine， tried to chisel blasthole and fill explosives. When doing field exploration following a dozen graduate students supervised by Professor Lal Cinco， this Soviet expert that has been the head of the artillery during the "World War II" period left a very deep impression to him. The professor gave students a very demanding militarization management. Especially when doing geological survey in the mountains， he never allowed students carry kettle in one-day trip- he thought with a kettle will not only increase the weight， but also give people a psychological dependence， slowing walking and working speed.
After the strict training， Ouyang Ziyuan was more and more determined in his dream. After graduation， he applied for the postgraduate student under the supervision of Prof. Tu Guangchi in Institute of Geology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， engaging in research of the Yangtze River skarn copper and iron ore-forming laws. The famous geologist once studied in the United States， and returned in the same ship in September 1950 with well-known theoretical physicist， later father of "bombs and one satellite"， Deng Jiaxian. The essence of his scholarship has a long-term influence on Ouyang： "Imagine for a brighter future； observe fully and carefully； test to be accurate and reliable； analyze objectively in an all-rounded vision； base on well-founded theory； make proper inference； leave room for conclusion； and make the text concise." Under the guidance of Prof. Tu Guangchi， Ouyang stepped onto a higher level of professional study.
Nevertheless， a greater career and broader world was about to be presented to him.
At the junction of the professional edge
October 4， 1957， the world's first artificial Earth satellite was launched in the Soviet Union， which shocked the world. With keen interest to space since childhood， Ouyang lost in deep thought. He realized that human activity has already stepped into the fourth territory - space， ushering a real "Space Age".
This 22-year-old young man， then enthusiastically found experts in the field of earth science， director of the Institute of Geology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Mr. Hou Defeng， and presented his idea： connecting the “space” and the “earth”， hence understand the chemistry and evolution of planets， moons， asteroids， etc. in the solar system more comprehensively and systematically， providing scientific accumulation for China's space exploration in the future.
Mr. Hou appreciated his words very much. Thus， since 1958， Ouyang for the first time carried out researches on various types of extraterrestrial material （meteorites， cosmic dust， moon rocks， etc.）， chemistry of celestial bodies， the moon and comparative planetary science， and has thus become the pioneer of China Meteorite Studies. Soon after， the quite far-sighted Mr. Hou sent him to a full course of the third and fourth grade in Nuclear Physics Department， Chinese University of Science and afterwards learning experimental nuclear physics in accelerator laboratory， Chinese Academy of Atomic Energy Research Institute.
Seeking dream within the universe
On the afternoon of March 8， 1976， in northeast China happened the world's largest ever meteorite fall event occurred--- Jilin Meteorite Rain. Ouyang， attending the meeting on underground nuclear testing in Beijing at that time was consigned by CAS as expedition leader， leading the team to the scene to investigate， exploring the trace of those "visitors of outer space".
Six months later， meteorite rain stuck in Yunnan， Guizhou， Sichuan area again， Ouyang also organized teams immediately on-site visits. The world's largest and most in-depth and comprehensive researches based on these two meteorite rains finally achieved fruitful results， presenting the world's most complete and detailed meteorite formation and evolution models， greatly promoted the formation and development of celestial chemistry in China. During the study moon rocks， Ouyang recognized that with the progress of science and technology， strategic， political， economic and scientific meaning of the moon will be far above the South Pole. In 1992， China's manned space project was established. Of great confidence， Ouyang made recommendations to carry out lunar exploration project to the national "863 Program" Expert Group， completing a report of nearly 20 thousand words--- "Necessity and feasibility of conducting lunar exploration in China"， submitted to and adopted by the Group of Experts in the end.
In the tireless efforts of the team Ouyang Ziyuan， lunar exploration was gradually recognized and supported by national academicians. In 2003， “instructions on lunar exploration project” led by Sun Jiadong and Ouyang passed the national review. On February 25， 2004， the National Defense Commission held the first team meeting of lunar exploration， naming the project named "Chang E project."
Thereafter， Ouyang put all his energy into lunar exploration research. On October 24， 2007， Chang-e-1 lunar probe satellite was launched in Xichang Satellite Launch Center and returned the first image of lunar surface， which marks China's first lunar probe project a success. On October 1， 2010， Chang E II satellite of the 2nd lunar exploration was launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center and was a complete success. Ouyang realized his dream of completing two lunar exploration in his lifetime.
From Geochemist to celestial body chemists， pioneer of Chinese celestial chemistry， to the chief scientist of China's lunar exploration program， Ouyang Ziyuan realized his magical leap from the "earth" to "space".
Friends from afar
Autumn， 1935， Ji’an， Jiangxi， China
A pregnant woman was of dystocia symptoms， lasting two days and nights.
After the longtime suffering， when the baby finally came to this world crying， his little uncle next room reading， just read the sentence of “to have friends from afar” in the "Analects of Confucius". He could not help but sighed， "This birth of this kid is so difficult. Is he coming from very faraway place？ Why not call him “Ziyuan”（meaning coming from places far away）. "
Though born in troubled times， Ouyang’s hometown Ji’an symbolizes “Luck and Peace” in Chinese language. His grandfathers had a poor life dependent on a pharmacy. When was 4 years old， despite the family business of a pharmacy， it required effort for his parents to hard support their life. Therefore， Ouyang was sent to live in his grandparents’ home in Yongxin County， Ji'an. There， his uncle became his first teacher， with whom he learned literacy and numeracy.
Young as he was， Ouyang was a typical "bookworm" in others’ eyes. Even bookstore clerks recognized him， and the elderly living nearby often take the initiative to give him books. He read a wide range of books， which inevitably involve science books and journals like "science"， thus the "nutrition" within is very rich.
In the classroom， he was lucky enough to find a group of good teachers， not only greatly increase of knowledge， but also learned methods of learning and thinking. One day， he asked his geography teacher Yuan Jiarui how do it readily to portray a map of the world？ The teacher told him： "When you are not only learning but loving， you will be closer to perfection." Afterwards， the teacher extended the previous answer： "When you learn with heart to make a strong and prosperous country， you will find your learning full of passion."
In 1952， when Ouyang graduated from high school， faced with his own important life decisions， the geography teacher’s words echoed in his ears. Instead of inheriting ancestral family or picking his most interested astronomy or most talented chemistry， to his own aspirations he positioned his future major to the needs of the country， the most urgent call - "Waking up sleepy mountains， offering the treasure to the motherland. " He chose metallic and nonmetallic mineral exploration major in Mineral Resources Exploration Department of Beijing Institute of Geology. This year， on a summer day， Ouyang put the books， school supplies， household items were put into two boxes， with a pole lug， he departed from Yongxin County to Ji'an City. 180 miles， step by step， this trip of "exam" took him three days.
Set sail on dream
Ouyang succeeded in the first enrollment Beijing Institute of Geology. 17 years old as he was， he cherished this valuable opportunity. On one hand， he studied hard with broad range and consolidate professional knowledge base； on the one hand， he consciously trained himself for physical fitness to get prepared for mineral resource exploration in the future. Once he even walked back and forth carrying sandbags in the Summer Palace， looking just like a hiking trekkers.
Ambition， diligence and reflection soon paid off. As a Freshman， based on his own research， Ouyang invented a calculation rule which could greatly simplify the measurement， which shocked his school at that time. During his Sophomore year， he was elected to the national roll student， by the grand recognition， and in the summer after sophomore year， he was appointed to work and rest in Nanjing with five special Soviet experts working in the Institute. In this trip， a detail left Ouyang great astonishment： with a slightly check of cross-section of a hillside， a Soviet expert immediately revealed the age， rocks and other major constituents of this mountain. Seeing this， Ouyang determined： he must grasp this "skill" as soon as possible.
During the juniors and seniors， Ouyang dedicate themselves to the practice of exploration and scientific research， among which he learned operating drilling machine， tried to chisel blasthole and fill explosives. When doing field exploration following a dozen graduate students supervised by Professor Lal Cinco， this Soviet expert that has been the head of the artillery during the "World War II" period left a very deep impression to him. The professor gave students a very demanding militarization management. Especially when doing geological survey in the mountains， he never allowed students carry kettle in one-day trip- he thought with a kettle will not only increase the weight， but also give people a psychological dependence， slowing walking and working speed.
After the strict training， Ouyang Ziyuan was more and more determined in his dream. After graduation， he applied for the postgraduate student under the supervision of Prof. Tu Guangchi in Institute of Geology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， engaging in research of the Yangtze River skarn copper and iron ore-forming laws. The famous geologist once studied in the United States， and returned in the same ship in September 1950 with well-known theoretical physicist， later father of "bombs and one satellite"， Deng Jiaxian. The essence of his scholarship has a long-term influence on Ouyang： "Imagine for a brighter future； observe fully and carefully； test to be accurate and reliable； analyze objectively in an all-rounded vision； base on well-founded theory； make proper inference； leave room for conclusion； and make the text concise." Under the guidance of Prof. Tu Guangchi， Ouyang stepped onto a higher level of professional study.
Nevertheless， a greater career and broader world was about to be presented to him.
At the junction of the professional edge
October 4， 1957， the world's first artificial Earth satellite was launched in the Soviet Union， which shocked the world. With keen interest to space since childhood， Ouyang lost in deep thought. He realized that human activity has already stepped into the fourth territory - space， ushering a real "Space Age".
This 22-year-old young man， then enthusiastically found experts in the field of earth science， director of the Institute of Geology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Mr. Hou Defeng， and presented his idea： connecting the “space” and the “earth”， hence understand the chemistry and evolution of planets， moons， asteroids， etc. in the solar system more comprehensively and systematically， providing scientific accumulation for China's space exploration in the future.
Mr. Hou appreciated his words very much. Thus， since 1958， Ouyang for the first time carried out researches on various types of extraterrestrial material （meteorites， cosmic dust， moon rocks， etc.）， chemistry of celestial bodies， the moon and comparative planetary science， and has thus become the pioneer of China Meteorite Studies. Soon after， the quite far-sighted Mr. Hou sent him to a full course of the third and fourth grade in Nuclear Physics Department， Chinese University of Science and afterwards learning experimental nuclear physics in accelerator laboratory， Chinese Academy of Atomic Energy Research Institute.
Seeking dream within the universe
On the afternoon of March 8， 1976， in northeast China happened the world's largest ever meteorite fall event occurred--- Jilin Meteorite Rain. Ouyang， attending the meeting on underground nuclear testing in Beijing at that time was consigned by CAS as expedition leader， leading the team to the scene to investigate， exploring the trace of those "visitors of outer space".
Six months later， meteorite rain stuck in Yunnan， Guizhou， Sichuan area again， Ouyang also organized teams immediately on-site visits. The world's largest and most in-depth and comprehensive researches based on these two meteorite rains finally achieved fruitful results， presenting the world's most complete and detailed meteorite formation and evolution models， greatly promoted the formation and development of celestial chemistry in China. During the study moon rocks， Ouyang recognized that with the progress of science and technology， strategic， political， economic and scientific meaning of the moon will be far above the South Pole. In 1992， China's manned space project was established. Of great confidence， Ouyang made recommendations to carry out lunar exploration project to the national "863 Program" Expert Group， completing a report of nearly 20 thousand words--- "Necessity and feasibility of conducting lunar exploration in China"， submitted to and adopted by the Group of Experts in the end.
In the tireless efforts of the team Ouyang Ziyuan， lunar exploration was gradually recognized and supported by national academicians. In 2003， “instructions on lunar exploration project” led by Sun Jiadong and Ouyang passed the national review. On February 25， 2004， the National Defense Commission held the first team meeting of lunar exploration， naming the project named "Chang E project."
Thereafter， Ouyang put all his energy into lunar exploration research. On October 24， 2007， Chang-e-1 lunar probe satellite was launched in Xichang Satellite Launch Center and returned the first image of lunar surface， which marks China's first lunar probe project a success. On October 1， 2010， Chang E II satellite of the 2nd lunar exploration was launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center and was a complete success. Ouyang realized his dream of completing two lunar exploration in his lifetime.