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价格是资源配置的指示器,产权制度决定着水价的合理性,进而决定资源配置效率与公平。本文从水资源配置的效率与公平出发,依据有效率水价应等于边际机会成本的理论,通过对边际机会成本各构成因素的变动分析,从居民水资源产权、洁净用水权和水环境自净能力产权角度,解释了自来水价格构成中的资源水价、工程水价和环境水价的阶梯递增性。
The price is an indicator of resource allocation, property rights system determines the rationality of water prices, and thus determine the efficiency and fairness of resource allocation. Based on the theory that the effective water price should be equal to the marginal chance of opportunity, this paper analyzes the changes of the factors of the marginal opportunity cost from the aspects of the efficiency and fairness of water resources allocation, from the aspects of resident water resources property rights, clean water rights and water environment self- Point of view, explain the tap water price composition of the resource price of water, engineering and environmental water price ladder of incremental.