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自80年代以来，我国铁路运输强度急剧上升，已居世界前列，导致铁路运输严重紧张，成了国民经济发展的“瓶颈”。其主要原因有二：一是铁路太少；二是机车车辆严重短缺。据估算，在1993年，我国铁路就缺少机车3300多台，客车4300多辆，货车28000多辆。在制订今后的发展规划时，必须适当降低运输强度，以期逐步缓和铁路运输严重紧张的局面。
Since the 1980s, the intensity of railway transportation in our country has risen sharply and has been at the forefront of the world, causing serious tension in railway transportation and becoming a “bottleneck” in the development of the national economy. There are two main reasons for this: First, there is too little railway; second, there is a serious shortage of rolling stock. It is estimated that in 1993, there were over 3,300 locomotives, more than 4,300 passenger cars and over 28,000 trucks in our country. In formulating the future development plan, the intensity of transport must be appropriately reduced with a view to gradually alleviating the serious tension in railway transportation.