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一 随着我国经济体制改革的不断深入发展,以装卸货物和客运服务为主的港口企业之间的竞争愈演愈烈。 首先,随着改革的不断深入发展,港口企业生产经营逐步市场化,迫使港口企业自己找货源,开发货物运输市场,这样港口企业间必然出现竞争现象。 其次是港口企业间地域的相近和经营业务的相同导致竞争的必然性。如烟台港北离大连港只有89海里,南距青岛港陆路只有300公里,东西两翼的龙口和威海港离烟台港不足100公里,加之港口企业生产经营业务相似,导致相互竞争激烈。烟台港于70年代开发了接卸散化肥、包装加工后中转业务,当时全国沿海港口仅此一家。近几年已发展到沿海及内河港25家都经营这项业务。又如,前几年经烟台港中转至龙口市的煤炭每年大约十几万吨,后因龙口港不断发展和经营业务的扩大,目前这部分业务已转到龙口港。 第三,港口的不断扩建兴建加剧了港口竞争的激烈化。
With the continuous deepening of economic restructuring in our country, the competition among the port enterprises, mainly loading and unloading cargo and passenger transportation services, has become increasingly fierce. First of all, with the deepening of the reform, the production and operation of port enterprises are gradually marketized, forcing the port enterprises to find their own sources and develop the freight transportation market. This will inevitably lead to competition among port enterprises. Second, the similarities between the port enterprises and the same business operations lead to the inevitability of competition. For example, Yantai Port is only 89 nautical miles from Dalian Port, 300 km from Qingdao Port on the south, and less than 100 km away from Yantai Port on both east and west wings. In addition, port enterprises have similar production and business operations, resulting in fierce competition with each other. Yantai Port in the 1970s developed unloading fertilizer, packaging and processing business after the transit, when only the coastal port of the country. In recent years, 25 coastal and inland river ports have been operating this business. In another example, a few years ago by Yantai Port to Longkou City, the coal each year about 10 million tons, after the continuous development of Longkou Port and business expansion, this part of the business has been transferred to Longkou Port. Third, the continuous expansion and construction of the port exacerbated the fierce competition in the port.