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[目的]了解预防接种副反应发生的一般规律,探讨儿童预防接种反应发生的原因,寻找降低预防接种副反应的方法。[方法]收集2007～2009年南宁市第四人民医院预防保健科资料,分析引起副反应的疫苗种类和临床表现。[结果]在68465例各类疫苗使用过程中,AEFI发生率223/万;AEFI发生率以0～6月龄儿童为最高,绝大部分AEFI发生都是在24h内,而且以一般反应居多,以发热、红肿、硬结等症状常见。[结论]绝大多数疫苗是安全的,发生副反应机率是很低的,虽然疫苗的不良反应不可避免,但通过熟练的业务以及优质的服务,严格安全注射,禁忌症筛查,预防接种前告知制度等可控因素能有效避免AEFI的发生。
[Objective] To understand the general rules of the side effects of vaccination, explore the causes of vaccination in children and find ways to reduce the side effects of vaccination. [Methods] The data of Prevention and Health Care Section of the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning from 2007 to 2009 were collected to analyze the types and clinical manifestations of the vaccine causing side effects. [Results] The incidence of AEFI was 223 per thousand in 68465 cases of various types of vaccines. The incidence of AEFI was highest in children aged 0-6 months. Most of the AEFI occurred within 24 hours, and most of them were in general reactions. To fever, swelling, induration and other symptoms common. [Conclusion] The vast majority of vaccines are safe and the incidence of side reactions is very low. Although the adverse reactions of vaccines are inevitable, through rigorous safety injections and contraindications, Controllable factors such as the notification system can effectively prevent the occurrence of AEFI.