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目的掌握重庆市碘缺乏病防治效果和病情变化的趋势。方法选择重庆市4个区县,每县随机抽取1所小学,每所小学随机抽取8~10岁儿童90名,测定儿童甲状腺肿、盐碘、尿碘及智商;同时采集孕妇和哺乳妇女的尿液进行尿碘测定。甲状腺采用B超法检查,尿碘采用砷铈催化分光光度方法测定,盐碘采用直接滴定法。结果 4个监测点共调查360名8~10岁儿童,其甲状腺肿大率为5.28%;不同区县间比较,儿童甲状腺肿大率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。盐碘中位数为26.65 g/kg,碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99.72%、91.09%、90.83%。儿童、孕妇、哺乳妇女尿碘中位数分别为238.15μg/L、218.15μg/L、252.90μg/L;尿碘<100μg/L比例分别占11.94%、32.93%、13.75%;300μg/L以上比例分别占34.17%、13.41%、43.75%。儿童智商为112.57分。结论重庆市儿童甲状腺肿大率相对较高,人群碘营养水平稳定,仍存在碘不足和碘过量现象。
Objective To master the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing and the changing trend of the disease. Methods Four districts and counties in Chongqing were selected. One primary school was randomly selected in each county. Ninety children aged 8-10 years were randomly selected in each primary school. The children with goiter, salt iodine, urinary iodine and IQ were measured. At the same time, pregnant women and lactating women Urine urine iodine determination. Thyroid examination by B ultrasound, urinary iodine using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry, salt iodine using direct titration. Results A total of 360 children aged 8-10 years were surveyed at 4 monitoring sites with a rate of goiter of 5.28%. There was no significant difference in the goiter rate between children in different districts and counties (P> 0.05). The median of salt iodine was 26.65 g / kg. The coverage of iodized salt, the qualified rate of iodized salt and the qualified iodized salt were 99.72%, 91.09% and 90.83% respectively. The urinary iodine median of children, pregnant women and lactating women were 238.15μg / L, 218.15μg / L and 252.90μg / L, respectively. The urinary iodine <100μg / L accounted for 11.94%, 32.93%, 13.75% The proportions accounted for 34.17%, 13.41% and 43.75% respectively. Child IQ 112.57 points. Conclusions The prevalence of goiter in children in Chongqing is relatively high, and the iodine nutrition of the population is stable. There are still iodine deficiency and iodine excess.