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[目的]探讨火车站候车室在现有机械通风设施的基础上,合理、充分利用自然通风,达到节能降耗,又改善室内空气质量的方法。[方法]候车室现场空气质量、换气次数监测,根据室外风速、风频、温差等估算综合换气次数。[结果]候车室容积为7009m3,座位832个,冬季窗户全部关闭,仅靠机械通风,测得换气次数2.3次/h,通过换气次数估算模型的计算,利用自然通风,每开1扇窗(1.2m2),室内空气的换气次数增加1.8次/h。[结论]该火车站候车室在冬季每小时开4扇窗,就能满足每小时换气≥6次的卫生要求;可改善室内空气质量。
[Objective] The purpose of this paper is to discuss the method of reasonable and full utilization of natural ventilation on the basis of existing mechanical ventilation facilities in the waiting room of train station to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction as well as indoor air quality improvement. [Method] The air quality in the waiting room and the ventilation frequency were monitored. The ventilation times were estimated according to the outdoor wind speed, wind frequency and temperature difference. [Result] The waiting room volume was 7009m3 with 832 seats. All the winter windows were closed. Only by mechanical ventilation, the number of ventilation was 2.3 times per hour. Through the calculation of ventilation times estimation model, using natural ventilation, Window (1.2m2), the number of indoor air ventilation increased 1.8 times / h. [Conclusion] The waiting room at the train station opened 4 windows per hour in winter to meet the hygienic requirement of ventilating more than 6 times per hour and improve the indoor air quality.