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戴震与章学诚争论方志属性,提出方志“悉心于地理沿革”的“地理专门”说。戴震的说法,并非故为新论,自隋唐以来这种持论就代不乏人。从隋、唐、宋、明、清正史经籍(艺文志)到郑樵、马端临、万斯同、阎若璩、顾祖禹、郑振铎等历代学人,都与戴震异时同声。这种把方志视为地理书的学术观念,往往发生于时代鼎革之际,为振世救急、讲求实务的时代潮流所激发,同时也是中国传统学术工具理性特质的具体表现。
Dai Zhen and Zhang Xuecheng argue about the properties of local records, put Fang Zhi “generosity in geographical evolution ” “geography special ” said. Dai Zhen’s argument is not so new, since the Sui and Tang dynasties held this kind of on behalf of no shortage of people. From the Sui, Tang, Song, Ming, Qing Zhengshiji (Yi Wenzhi) to Zheng Qiao, Ma Dailin, Vance with, Yan Ruo, Gu Zuyu, Zheng Zhenduo and other dynasties scholars, are synonymous with Dai Zhen. This kind of academic idea of treating ching chih as a geography book is often inspired by the trends of the era of emergency and practice of the world and at the same time it is also a manifestation of the rational qualities of traditional Chinese academic tools.