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目的:了解本院2011年-2013年烧伤患者分离病原菌的分布特征及耐药性,为合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法:对患者创面分泌物、痰液、血液中的细菌进行分离鉴定和药敏试验,药敏数据分析用WHONET5.6软件。结果:共分离908株病原菌,其中最常见的病原菌依次为:鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌。在革兰阴性杆菌中,鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类耐药率较高,铜绿假单胞菌对氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类的耐药率较低。在肠杆菌科细菌中,未发现耐碳青霉烯类大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌株。在葡萄球菌中,未发现耐万古霉素、利奈唑胺菌株。结论:我院烧伤患者分离的病原菌以非发酵菌为主,医院应重视对其病原菌耐药性监测,指导临床合理使用抗生素。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from burn patients in our hospital from 2011 to 2013, and to provide basis for rational use of antibiotics. Methods: The patient wound secretions, sputum, blood bacteria were isolated and identified susceptibility testing, susceptibility data analysis WHONET5.6 software. Results: A total of 908 strains of pathogens were isolated. The most common pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Gram-negative bacilli, Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenems resistant rate is higher, Pseudomonas aeruginosa aminoglycoside, quinolone resistance rate is low. Among Enterobacteriaceae, no carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were found. In Staphylococcus, no vancomycin-resistant, linezolid strains were found. Conclusion: The pathogenic bacteria isolated from burn patients in our hospital are mainly non-fermentative bacteria. The hospital should pay attention to the monitoring of the drug resistance of pathogens and guide the rational use of antibiotics in clinic.