【摘 要】
：
近年来,喜马拉雅新生代淡色花岗岩的“高度分离结晶、异地深成侵入”成因,及其具有良好的稀有金属成矿潜力而倍受关注.已有野外调查和资源勘查工作表明该花岗岩带可能成为我国稀有金属重要的战略储备基地.目前带内金属组合以铍-铌-钽(锡-钨)组合为主(如错那洞大型锡-钨-铍矿床),但尚未发现工业锂矿体的产出.本次工作在高喜马拉雅琼嘉岗地区发现了超大型伟晶岩型锂矿,并初步揭示该伟晶岩型锂矿的基本地质特征.琼嘉岗伟晶岩属于过铝质LCT型伟晶岩,稀有金属(REL)类REL-Li亚类钠长石-锂辉石型.含矿伟晶岩呈串珠状、囊状
【机 构】
：
中国科学院矿产资源研究重点实验室,中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029;中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京100049;中国科学院矿产资源研究重点实验室,中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所
论文部分内容阅读
近年来,喜马拉雅新生代淡色花岗岩的“高度分离结晶、异地深成侵入”成因,及其具有良好的稀有金属成矿潜力而倍受关注.已有野外调查和资源勘查工作表明该花岗岩带可能成为我国稀有金属重要的战略储备基地.目前带内金属组合以铍-铌-钽(锡-钨)组合为主(如错那洞大型锡-钨-铍矿床),但尚未发现工业锂矿体的产出.本次工作在高喜马拉雅琼嘉岗地区发现了超大型伟晶岩型锂矿,并初步揭示该伟晶岩型锂矿的基本地质特征.琼嘉岗伟晶岩属于过铝质LCT型伟晶岩,稀有金属(REL)类REL-Li亚类钠长石-锂辉石型.含矿伟晶岩呈串珠状、囊状体产出在前寒武系肉切村群大理岩中,伟晶岩具有一定分带,目前主要包括细粒钠长石带、文象结构带、分层细晶岩带和块体微斜长石+锂辉石带,赋矿主体结构带为后两者.矿石矿物主要为锂辉石、铌铁矿-铌锰矿,以及少量锡石和绿柱石.59件样品中44件Li2O含量在工业品位(0.80％)之上,平均1.30％.4条伟晶岩脉群资源量估算表明琼嘉岗锂资源可达超大型规模,琼嘉岗是喜马拉雅首例具有工业价值的伟晶岩型锂矿,其发现证实我国高喜马拉雅地区具有找寻大型-超大型花岗伟晶岩型锂(铍)矿的潜力.
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喜马拉雅地区淡色花岗岩广泛分布,但相关的稀有金属成矿问题长期被学术界忽略,因为传统观点认为,这些花岗岩是高喜马拉雅变质岩系原地部分熔融而成.但自提出该地区淡色花岗岩高度结晶分异成因模式后,与这些花岗岩演化相关的稀有金属成矿问题引起各方重视,并在铍和铌钽的矿化研究方面取得显著进展.尽管如此,锂的成矿作用研究和资源寻找并没有取得大的突破.本期《岩石学报》报道的喜马拉雅中部琼嘉岗和热曲锂辉石伟晶岩及珠峰前进沟锂电气石-锂云母伟晶岩的发现,充分说明喜马拉雅地区锂资源前景广阔,表明喜马拉雅有望在近期内成为我国稀有金
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